Poetry for Students

68 Poetry for Students

between the short lines of lyric and the long lines

that actually become prose or prose poetry. His

work lends itself to theater, and he has made sev-

eral films as well. Yet his identity is as a poet, for

it is the voice that is central in Ondaatje’s work, a

voice giving him control over both interiors and ex-

teriors, as in these lines from The Collected Works

of Billy the Kid:

I am here with the range for everything

corpuscle muscle hair

hands that need the rub of metal

those senses that

that want to crash things with an axe

that listen to deep buried veins in our palms

those who move in dreams over your women night

near you, every paw, the invisible hooves

the mind’s invisible blackout the intricate never

the body’s waiting rut.

What Ondaatje also possesses is a gift to draw

on the myths of American culture in such a way

that the reader can understand the depth of com-

mon experience. From a young outlaw of the Amer-

ican West to a strange, neurasthenic New Orleans

jazz trumpet player to his eccentric relatives with

their pet cobra warming itself on the radio in Sri

Lanka, Ondaatje writes with lyric intensity about

the differences we all share.

Source:Diane Wakoski, “Ondaatje, Michael,” in Contem-

porary Poets, 7th ed., edited by Thomas Riggs, St. James

Press, 2001, pp. 891–92.

Ann Mandel

In the following essay, Mandel examines On-

daatje’s life and writings.

Winner of two Governor General’s awards for

poetry, Michael Ondaatje is one of the most bril-

liant and acclaimed of that impressive group of

Canadian poets who first published in the 1960s, a

group that includes Margaret Atwood, Gwen

MacEwen, and B. P. Nichol. Ondaatje’s widely

praised books range from collections of tightly

crafted lyrics to a narrative mixing poetry, prose,

and fictional documentary, and a novel of lyric in-

tensity. Using myth, legend, and anecdote drawn

from the Wild West, the jazz world, film, and news-

papers, his books have had wide popular appeal

while at the same time occasioning considerable

analysis by critics in Canada and elsewhere. The

world of his poems has been called “surreal, ab-

surd, inchoate, dynamic,” “a dark, chaotic, but life-

giving universe,” and “the dangerous cognitive

region which lies between reportage and myth.”

Philip Michael Ondaatje was born in Colombo,

Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), to Philip Mervyn and Enid

Gratiaen Ondaatje. His paternal grandfather was a

wealthy tea planter with a family estate in Kegalle.

Ondaatje remembers “a great childhood” filled with

aunts, uncles, many houses, and, judging from the

stories he recounts in his autobiographical Running

in the Family(1982), gossip and eccentricity. In his

poem “Light” he tells of his grandmother “who

went to a dance in a muslin dress / with fireflies

captured and embedded in the cloth,” and in “Let-

ters & Other World” he speaks lovingly of his fa-

ther’s life as a “terrifying comedy” of alcohol and

outrageous acts. In Colombo Ondaatje attended St.

Thomas College. His parents separated in 1948,

and in 1952 Ondaatje followed his mother, brother,

and sister to London, England, where he attended

Dulwich College. Dissatisfied eventually with the

English school system which kept him trying “O”

levels in maths when he wanted to study English,

he immigrated to Canada at the age of nineteen,

joining his brother Christopher already living in

Montreal.

He entered Bishop’s University, Lennoxville,

majoring in English and history. It was there, fi-

nally able to concentrate on English literature and

influenced by a teacher, Arthur Motyer, who

“aroused an enthusiasm for literature,” that On-

daatje began to write. It was there, too, that simul-

taneously with his reading of Browning, Eliot,

Yeats, and younger modern poets, he came in con-

tact with contemporary Canadian poets, notably D.

G. Jones. It was his sense that Canada had “no big

history,” no weighty literary tradition, which freed

Ondaatje to try to write.

A concluding year at the University of

Toronto, at the end of which Ondaatje earned his

B.A., brought him into contact with poet Raymond

Souster, who included Ondaatje’s work in his im-

The Cinnamon Peeler

Moving in and out

of imagined landscape,

portrait and documentary,

and anecdote and legend,

Ondaatje writes for the eye

and the ear

simultaneously.”

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