The English Language english language

(Michael S) #1

Delahunty and Garvey


positive comparative superlative
old older oldest
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful


A short adjective (one of 1-2 syllables) takes the {-er} and {-est} inflectional
endings. Longer adjectives, including some 2-syllable words such as alone,
may be modified by more and most, a class of words called intensifiers which
includes very and quite.


Exercise
Using Analytic Tests 7a and 7b, identify which of the following words
can be made comparative and/or superlative: strong, honest, retali-
ate, harsh, uncommon, local, intensify.


While these criteria are very powerful, they do not work for all adjectives, es-
pecially scientific adjectives such as nuclear and barometric. Fortunately, other
types of tests are available:


analytic test 8. A word may be an adjective if it actually ends in an adjec-
tival derivational suffix.


Table 6 lists some of the major adjectival suffixes in English.


-ish boorish, skittish
-al comical, alphabetical
-ar nuclear, circular
-ful cheerful, careful
-some winsome, awesome
-y funny, uncanny
-ic choleric, atmospheric
-able/ible debatable, sensible
-ing interesting, amusing
-ed disputed, concerned


table 6: adjectival derivational endings

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