Sclereids, 25
Sclerenchyma, 25, 33, 234
Scr, 88
Scutellum, 50
Secondary compounds (products),
158–9,210–12, 238, 251
Secondary coupled transporter,
125, 127
Secondary thickening, 24, 34–6,
297
Secretion, 13
Sedge, 202
Seed,49–51, 111–3, 191, 305, 312
bank, 191–2
coat, 188
dispersal,188–190, 190
dormancy, 74, 112
germination, 72, 78, 86, 112,177
set, 184
Seedling, 113, 194–5
Seismonasty, 91, 93
Selaginella, 278–80, 289
Selection breeding, 246
Self-compatibility, 104
Self-fertilization, 103–4, 107, 175,
183, 186 , 198–200, 315
Self-incompatibility, 47, 103–105,
107–110, 185, 316
Self-thinning, 178
Semelparous plant, 175–6
Senescence, 70, 73
Sensitive plant, 93
Sepal, 42, 52, 308–9
Sequoia, 298
She-oak, 204
Shikonin, 249, 251
Short-day plant, 84
Sieve plate, seive tube, 26
Silene dioica(campion), 104
Silica, 212, 281
Sink tissue, 151
Sisal, 234
Slime mold, 1
Sloth, 190, 212
Smut fungi, 214
Soft rot, 217
Soil-root interface, 129
Somatic mutation, 230
Sorghum, 221, 229
Sorus, 287–8
Source tissue, 151
Southern blotting, 198
Soy(a) bean, 207, 229
Speciation, in flowering plants,
316
Species, definition in flowering
plants, 315
Sperm, 46, 48, 269, 277, 280, 302–3
Spermatophyta, 258
Spermidine, spermine, 75
Sphagnum, 163, 266, 267–8, 272
Spice, 230
Spinach, 72
Spirogyra, 263
Splachnaceae, 272
Sporangium,seeeusporangium,
leptosporangium
Spore, 257, 271–2, 282–5
Sporophyte, definition, 257
of bryophytes, 270–1,
Sporopollenin, 46
Spruce, 233
St. Johnswort, european, 212
Stamen, 42, 43, 46, 103, 105, 108–9,
302, 309
Starch, starch sheath, 88, 149 , 157
Statocyte, statolith, 88, 90
Stele, 28
Steppe, 162
Stigma, 42, 44 , 105, 108, 109
Stinging hairs, 212
Stolon, 171
Stomata, 39, 78, 122–3
Stonewort, 263
Strangler, 172–3
Striga hermonthica, strigol 220–1
Strobilus, 280, 282–3, see alsocone
Stroma, 10
Style, 42, 44,48, 54, 107, 109
Suaeda maritima, 99
Suberin, 28, 122
Subspecies, 196, 315
Succession, 168, 170, 268
Succinate dehydrogenase, 151
Succinyl CoA synthase, 151
Succulence, 39, 122
Sucker, 241
Sucrose, 44, 153, 157–8
Sugar, 44, 53, 157
Sugar beet, 99
Sugar cane, 221, 230
Sulfur, 133
Sulfur dioxide, 98–9
Sundew, 224
Sunflower, 221, 228
Suspension culture, 248–9
Suspensor, 50, 65
Swede, 229
Sweet gale, 206–7
Symplast, 5
Symplastic transport, 129
Symport, 127
Synaptonemal complex, 21
Synergid cell, 47, 292
Systemic acquired resistance, 215Tannin, 210–1, 232, 239
TATA box, 16
Taxaceae, 299
Taxodium, 298
Taxol, 237
Taxus brevifolia, 237
T-DNA, 60, 253
Tea, 239
Teliospore, 214
Temperature, in plant distribution,
162
Tendrils, 39
Teosinte, 245
Termite, 233Terpene, 211, 237, 298
Terpenoids, 159
Testa, 49
Thermonasty, 91
Thigmonasty, 91
Thigmotropism, 87
Thlaspi caerulescens, 243
Thuja, 298
Thylakoid, 10, 139
Thyme family, 104, 230, 309
TI plasmid, 73, 253
Tilia cordata, 233
Tissue, 24–6, 31, 34, 72
Tissue culture, 66 , 246–51
Tmesipteris, 286
Tobacco,Nicotiana tabacum,159,
221, 239
Tolerance, 98
Tomato, 53, 211, 221, 230
Tonoplast, 3, 14, 125–6
Topiary, 241
Totipotency, 66
Toxic gases, 98
Toxic ions, 97–8, 134
Tracheid, 25, 285, 297
Tracheophytes, definition, 257
Transamination, 156
Transcellular transport, 119
Transcription, transcription factor,
59, 78
Transfer cell, 130
Translation, 59
Transmembrane transport, 130
Transpiration, 117
Transport mechanisms, 13–4
Transposable element, 60
Transposon tagging, 60
Triacylglycerol, 156
Trichome, 38
Trifolium repens, 207
Trimerophytopsida, 258, 275–6,
290, 292
Triple response, 71
Triploid, 17
Triticum, see wheat
Tropism, 87
Tubulin, 3
Tundra, 163, 166
Tunica, 32, 102
Turgor, 65, 116
movements, 86, 92
Turmeric, 230
Turnip, 229
Turpentine, 239Ulmus glabra, 179
Ulmus procera, 179
Ultraviolet (UV), 43
Umbellifer (Apiaceae, carrot
family), 104, 211, 230
Unisexual Flower, 42, 103, 106
Uredospore, 214
Uridine Diphosphoglucose (UDP
Glucose), 7Index 331