423Index
A
Abdomen, bitemarks, 337, 347, 372
ABFO. See American Board of Forensic
Odontology (ABFO)
ABFO 2 ® scale, 211, 212
ABFO 3 scale, 211
Abrasion, 93, 287, 302
Abuse, 28–29
child, 370–371
dating, 372
elder, 374–376, 377
during pregnancy, 371–372
spouse, 372–374
Acute intoxication, 48
Adams v. Peterson, 415
Administration Simplification (AS), 170
Adobe Photoshop®, 215
AFDIL. See Armed Forces DNA
Identification Laboratory (AFDIL)
AFIS. See Automated Fingerprint
Identification System (AFIS)
Age determination, 144–146
dental vs. skeletal, 143
dentin and, 291
diaphyseal lengths and, 144
histological, 145
osteoarthritic changes and, 145
radiographic, 145
Age estimation, 29, 263–295
for adolescents and adults, 279–292
aspartic acid racemization and, 291–292
cementum annulations and, 284–285
composite, 264
enamel uptake of^14 C and, 292
Gustafson method, 281–284
root transparency and, 284
third molar formation and, 288–291
tooth eruption/tooth emergence and,
264–269
tooth mineralization and, 269–279
tooth wear and, 286–288
Aggripina, the younger, 12
Aguilar v. State, 411
Al-Mosawi v. State, 417
ALI. See Alternate light imaging (ALI)
Alleleles, 112
defined, 127
in population genetics, 142
Alternate light imaging (ALI), 219, 239
Amalgam filling, 182
American Academy of Forensic Sciences,
210, 330, 332
American Board of Forensic Anthropology,
253
American Board of Forensic Odontology
(ABFO), 8, 288, 290, 332, 351
bitemark analysis guidelines, 350–351
bitemark scoring guide, 344
bitemark workshop, 355–358
certification, 409
guidelines and standards, 177–178, 258,
331
guides and terminology, 258
protocols for collection and packaging of
excise bitemarks, 403
reference manual, 172
website, 172, 177
American Dental Association, 177, 184, 194
American Society of Crime Laboratory
Directors, 114
Amino acid racemization, 294, 303
Amoëdo, Oscar, 17–18
Amylase, in saliva, 121
Andrews v. State, 414
Anthropologists, 54
Arm injury, 238
Armed Forces DNA Identification
Laboratory (AFDIL), 107, 109, 110,
112, 127, 156
collection team, 117
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 103, 332
Aspartic acid racemization, 291–292
Attorney(s), 380
expert’s role om education, 392
responsibility, 361