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1988; pp 68–73, 1988.12 THE PREPARTICIPATION
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Robert E Sallis, MD, FAAFP, FACSMINTRODUCTION- It is estimated that well over one million physician
hours are consumed annually in examining over six
million youth athletes.
•The cost effectiveness of yearly preparticipation
examinations(PPEs) has been questioned: Risser et al,
looked at 763 adolescent athletes screened and found
only 16 athletes were identified with significant prob-
lems. Two were disqualified and one received treat-
ment prior to participation. The cost of identifying
these three problems was $4,537.00 per problem.
•Various studies show preparticipation evaluations
(PPEs) disqualified only 0.3 to 1.3% of athletes, and
only 3.2 to 13.5% required consultation.
GOALS- Detect any condition that may limit an athlete’s par-
ticipation. - Detect any condition that may predispose an athlete to
injury or lead to sudden death during competition.
•Meet legal or insurance requirements. (49 of 50 states
require yearly examinations.)
66 SECTION 1 • GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN SPORTS MEDICINE