Islamic histories and in particular on al-Tabari, Ibn
Saad, and al-Baladhuri.
Denise A. Spellberg’s Politics, Gender, and the Islamic
Past: The Legacy of Aisha bint Abu Bakr (New York:
Columbia University Press, 1994) provides a detailed
exploration of the multiple ways in which Aisha has
been perceived and interpreted over the centuries, both
positively and negatively.
The following is a select bibliography of additional
books that have been particularly helpful in both speciɹc
details and general background:
Ahmed, Leila. Women and Gender in Islam. New Haven: Yale University
Press,1992.
Ajami, Fouad. The Vanished Imam: Musa al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press,1986.
Ajami, Fouad. The Foreigner’s Gift: The Americans, the Arabs, and the
Iraqis in Iraq. New York: Free Press,2006.
Akhavi, Shahrough. “Shariati’s Social Thought.” In Religion and Politics
in Iran, ed. Nikki Keddie. New Haven: Yale University Press,1983.
Al-e Ahmad, Jalal. Occidentosis: A Plague from the West, tr. R. Campbell
from the 1962 Farsi Gharbzadegi. Berkeley: Mizan Press,1984.
Allen, Charles. God’s Terrorists: The Wahhabi Cult and the Hidden Roots
of Modern Jihad. Cambridge: Da Capo,2006.
Al-Muɹd, Shaykh. The Book of Guidance into the Lives of the Twelve
Imams, tr. I. K. A. Howard of Kitab al-Irshad. London: Muhammadi