inorganic chemistry

PHOTOCATALYSIS BY INORGANIC

SOLID MATERIALS: REVISITING ITS DEFINITION,

CONCEPTS, AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES

B. OHTANI

Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

I. Introduction 396
II. Photocatalysis 397
A. Definition 397
B. Photocatalysis and Catalysis 397
C. Photocatalytic Activity 398
III. Principle of Photocatalysis 399
A. Generally Accepted Explanation 399
B. Band Structure and Excitation 400
C. Positive Hole 401
D. Fermi Level 402
E. Overall Thermodynamics 403
F. Energy Conversion 404
IV. Kinetics 406
A. First-Order Kinetics 406
B. Langmuir–Hinshelwood Mechanism 407
C. Electron–Hole Recombination 410
D. Quantum Efficiency 411
E. Rate-Determining Step 413
V. Visible Light-Induced Photocatalysis 414
A. Background 414
B. Doping 415
C. Proof for Visible Light-Induced Photocatalysis 416
D. Cocatalyst Loading for Multiple Electron Transfer 419
VI. Design of Active Photocatalysts 421
A. Physical Property–Activity Correlation 421
B. Synergetic Effect 423
VII. Concluding Remarks 425
Acknowledgments 425
References 425

395

INORGANIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY #2011 Elsevier Inc.
VOLUME 63 ISSN 0898-8838 / DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-385904-4.00001-9 All rights reserved