Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

4. SYNTAX

10. kao[- laD,ka skUla nahIM gayaa.
    koi: larka: sku:l nahĩ: gaya:.
    someone student school neg went
    No child went to school.


11. [tnao pOsao sao kuC nahIM haogaa.
    itne p ́se se kuch nahĩ: hoga:.
    this-obl money with something neg be-fut
    This money is not sufficient.


12. ]sanao kla sao kao[- kama nahIM ikyaa.
    usne kal se koi: ka:m nahĩ: kiya:.
    he-erg yesterday from any work neg did
    He has done no work since yesterday.


13. Aimat khIM nahIM gayaa.
    amit kahĩ: nahĩ: gaya:.
    Amit anywhere neg went
    Amit went nowhere.


14. yah kama kBaI BaI vyaqa- nahIM haogaa.
    yeh ka:m kabhi: bhi: vyarth nahĩ: hoga:.
    this work ever waste neg be-fut
    This work will never go waste.

Participles are also used along with negated constituents.

15. Aimat daOD,to - daOD,to nahIM Aayaa.
    amit dørte - dørte nahĩ: a:ya:.
    Amit run-ptc neg came
    Amit did not come running.

The negative prefixes be- and an-, borrowed from Persian
(morphological negation) negate the constituent to which they are
prefixed.

16. vah baorhma hO.
    vah beraham h ́.
    he without-mercy is
    He is merciless.