Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

• baMd band (Persian) bound
  kmar kamar waist kmarbaMd kamarband belt
  ibastr bistar bed ibastrbaMd bistarband hold-all


• dcaI ci: (Persian) with
  K,ja,anaa xaza:na: treasure K,ja,anacaI xaza:anci: cashier
  Af,Ima afi:m opium Af,ImacaI afi:mci: opium addict


• dana da:n (Persian) container
  klama kalam pen klamadana kalamda:n penholder
  raoSana rošan light raoSanadana rošanda:n window


• K,anaa kha:na: (Persian) house
  kar ka:r work karK,anaa ka:rxa:na: factory
  Saraba šara:b liquor SarabaKanaa šara:bxa:na: bar

3.1.3.2. Nouns from Adjectives

The most productive suffixes used for deriving abstract nouns from
adjectives are -[- -i:, -ta -ta:, -pan, -Aa[- -a:i:, -[yat -iyat, -Aasa -a:s.

• [- -i:
  kmaja,aor kamzor weak kmaja,aorI kamzori: weakness
  K,uSa xuš happy K,uSaI xuši: happiness
  garma garam hot garmaI garmi: heat
  garIba gari:b poor garIbaI gari:bi: poverty
  sad- sard cold sadI- sardi: coldness
  maaoTa mota: fat maaoTa[- mota:i: thickness
  K,raba xara:b bad K,rabaI xara:bi: defect
  saaf sa:f clean safa[- safa:i: cleanliness
  }Ðcaa ũ:ca: high }Ðcaa[- ũ:ca:i: height
  caaOD,a cøra: wide caaOD,a[- cøra:i: width

naok nek noble naokI neki: nobility
saccaa sacca: true saccaa[- sacca:i: truth
maIza mi:tha: sweet imaza[- mitha:i: sweets