Buddhism in India

Index 305

ideologies and science, 274–77

ignorance (avijja), 5, 13, 61, 87

Iksvakus, 110, 167

illusion, 61, 62, 113, 242

image worship, 172

immorality, 29, 32, 75

imperialism, 220–21

impermanence, 59, 86, 239

impurity, 44, 130

incest, 75

Independent Labour Party, 255

independence movement, 221

indeterminacy, 62

India: mildness of political

regime, 151

Indian National Congress, 255

individualism, 16, 19, 48, 110, 125,

144, 146–48, 218, 223

Indo-Aryan, 180, 223

Indo-European, 221; ethnic groups,

28; religious tradition, 27

Indo-Mongoloids, 28

Indra, 27n

Indus civilisation, 23, 25–27, 40, 117;

caste system, 127; matrilineal, 26

industrialism, 218, 220–21

inequality, 83

injustice, 242

intellectual: attainment, 42;

dynamism, 41; insight, 68;

knowledge, 42

inter-marriage, 28

invasions, 25

Iran: religious tradition, 27; Zoroaster

reformation, 40

Islam, 197, 215–16, 247, 252, 259,

277, 280; role in decline of

Buddhism, 174–79

itihasa-puranas, 165

Jagannath, identification with

Buddhism, 227

Jainism, 39, 40–41, 59, 69, 156, 173,

178, 186, 187, 190, 233

Jains, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 50, 52,

54, 55, 58, 144, 148, 152, 153,

154, 156, 188, 197

Janata, 256

Japan: Buddhism, 8, 149;

ethnocentrism, 219; Shintoism, 149

Jataka legends, 48, 55, 78, 81, 83,

90–95, 103, 104, 107, 129, 130,

132, 134, 137–38, 142, 178

jati, Seecaste; See also varnashrama

dharma

jatilas, 50

jatimarana, 32, 53

Jat-Pat-Todak Mandal, 251

Jhali, Queen, 193

jihad, 175

jiva, 40, 59

Jivaka, 134, 141

Journal of the Mahabodhi

Society, 259

Judaism, 277

justice, 33, 72

Kabir, 191, 192, 193–98, 201, 212,

213, 214, 215, 241, 242

Kaccayana, Pakudha, 36, 38

Kaivartas, 181

Kalinga, 93, 154

Kamarupa, SeeAssam

kamma, Seekarma

Kammakaras, 132

Kanauj, 177, 178

Kanchipuram, 156, 157

Kanha, 78

Kanheri, 273

Kanishka, 117, 152

Kapila, 37, 39

Kapilavastu, 153

kapina, 96

Karkota dynasty, Kashmir, 176–77

Karkotas, 172

karma, 239–40; biological-genetic

inheritance, 6; ethicisation of,

53–58; and rebirth, 8, 14, 15, 32,

33, 34–35, 39–40, 44, 47, 48, 53,

56, 64, 90, 103, 104, 115, 135,

196–97, 239, 268, 269–71

Karmamela, 203

Karnas, 45

karuna, 57

Kashmir, 152; Buddhism, 124; revival

of Brahmanism, 177

‘fire sermon’, 29
fire, 37
Foley, Carolina Augusta, SeeRhys
Davids, C.A.F.
four Aryan Truths, 4, 12
four elements, 37
four noble truths, 5, 8, 12, 56–57
four varnas,
See varnashrama dharma
fraternity, 257
‘free will’, 58
freedom, 148, 282
freedom of choice, 62, 91
Friends of the Western Buddhist
Order, 261
French revolution, 19, 224, 257, 278

gahapati, Seehouseholder
gana-sanghas, 28–29, 36, 42, 45, 69,
76, 119, 125, 153
Gandharas, 152, 169
Gandharva school, 94
Gandhi, M.K., 16, 213, 243, 247,
248–53
gatha tradition, 92
Gathasattasati, 119
gender: discrimination, 277; equality,
228; hierarchies, 215; influence,
70; question, 167
goal attainment, 14; metaphysical
consequences, 14
Godbole, Vasant, 261
goddess worship, 109, 111
Gonds, 155
good and evil, 63
Gosavi, Mahima, 225–26
Gotama, 8, 11–12, 24, 28, 33, 53, 65,
78, 90, 95, 106, 153
Gotami Bala-siri, 167
grasping (upadana), 61
greed, 242
Guhyasamaja-tantra, 111
Gujarat, 177, 178; Buddhism,
158–59
Gulamgiri(Slavery), by Jotirao
Phule, 228
gunas, 38
Gupta period, Guptas, 51, 99, 108,

118, 124, 169, 276

Gurjjara, 159

guru–sisyarelationship, 139

Halikas, 169

happiness, 5, 58, 277

Harappa, 26, 117

Harijan Sevak Sangh, 251

harijan, 252

Harsha, 124, 150, 152, 153,

157–58, 177

hedonism, 37, 67

hegemony, 137, 149, 153, 163, 176,

178, 180, 182, 184

heretics (pashandas), 51, 168,

169, 213

heterodoxy, 276

hetuvidya(ethics and

philosophy), 141

Hewavitarne, David, 234

hierarchy, hierarchical

conceptualisation, 43, 46, 71,

126–28, 220, 224

Himatala, Tukhura ruler, 152

Hindu, Hinduism, Hindutva, 15–17,

117, 118, 124, 146, 160, 168, 173,

175, 220–24, 232, 243, 248, 251,

258, 265, 266, 281n; caste bound,

16, 253; elite responses, 220–24;

identity, 15; and Islam,

reconciliation, 197; nationalism,

264; Protestant, 257; reformism,

242; rejection of, 247;

Tantrism, 194

Hindu Mahasabha, 241

homelessness, 81–85

householders, 64, 65, 66, 79, 134,

135, 179, 277; ethics for, 68–71,

97, 99, 105

Hsuan Tsang, 11, 52, 99, 109, 112,

141, 150–60, 169, 171, 180

human relationships, 75, 167

humanity, 49

Hunas, 177

hunting-gathering, 143

idealism, 59, 271–74

identity, 15

304 Buddhism in India