isomorphism among the variables of the real system and those involved in the
construction of the model. Simulation is not only a method of analysis but even a new and
productive direction of development in the research of complex systems” (Vlăsceanu,
1993).
Method presentation
On the basis of the attributes mentioned, simulation could be defined as a means of
reproducing or reconstructing the reality by substituting it with an analogical model for
learning, study, experimental investigation or research.
Simulation is not however limited to imitation or reproduction of real systems, but
introduces strategic simplifications in the real system composition in order to stress
representatives characteristics or relations.
Although simulation has an artificial structure, it retains a series of real elements that
cannot be found in a simple exposition. Direct involvement of participants in simulated
situations and circumstances can take varied forms: didactic or educational games,
simulation games, learning through drama, learning with simulators, practicing real parts
(Cerghit, 1997).
There are common elements between simulation and other methods used in guidance and
counselling. For example, playing a part is present in role-play, simulation games, and
drama. But in role-play what is most important is the role (fictional, imaginary) and its
learning / playing, while for simulation the participant is asked both to play the part (real),
and to reconstruct / anticipate real facts or events (past, present or future). The heuristic
and creative nature of simulation determines the actor to take on responsibility, attitudes
and decisions with regard to the real problems. Role-play or drama require the actors to
play parts that is foreign to them and often with no correspondence in reality, and without
requiring intervention to solve the real problem.
Applying the method requires a well-trained counsellor, knowledge of the client and
exact setting of the “steps” for playing the parts. The project or scenario must be carefully
analysed in order to be as “realistic” as possible.
Under any of its forms (simulation, didactic simulator, reconstruction) applying the
method goes through the standard stages and, played by strict rules, ensures the success
of solving the conflict / problem.
Counsellors must go through the following steps in organizing simulations:
- elaborating the project / scenario of simulation;
- chooses and motivates the players;