5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry

Organic Chemistry  273

Table 18.2 Common Functional Groups

FUNCTIONAL COMPOUND SUFFIX OR SYSTEMATIC NAME
GROUP TYPE PREFIX OF NAME EXAMPLE (COMMON NAME)

alkene -ene ethene (ethylene)

alkyne -yne ethyne (acetylene)

alcohol -ol methanol (methyl alcohol)

haloalkane halo- chloromethane

(methyl chloride)

amine -amine ethylamine

aldehyde -al ethanal (acetaldehyde)

ketone -one propanone (acetone)

carboxylic -oic acid ethanoic acid

acid (acetic acid)

ester -oate methyl ethanoate

(methyl acetate)

amide -amide ethanamide

(acetamide)

CH

H

H

CHN

H

O

C N

O

CH

H

H

CCO

H

H

H

O

OC C

O

CH

H

H

C O H

O

CHO

O

CH

H

H

CC

H

H

H

O

C C C

O

CH

H

H

HC

O

HC

O

CH

H

H

CHN

H

H

H

C N

CH

H

H

Cl

C X

(X=halogen)

CH

H

H

C O H O H

C C CH C H

C C

H

H

H

H

C C