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188 CRITICAL THEORY AND LEADERSHIP PRACTICES

Table 3. Within-Subjects Contrasts by Sub-Categorization and Group.

Category Standard MS F Sig
Between Groups
Within Group
Gender
The recognition and demonstration 13.670 4.122 .043
of pedagogical characteristics and 3.316
approaches that establish equity

Age Commitment to hire, supervise, and 3.378 1.827 .003
retain competent personnel who are 1.848
dedicated to promoting the success of
all children

Type of District Rejection of ideas that spell personal 13.259 2.966 .031
harm or violation of personal rights or 4.471
civil law

High visibility and availability to 23.259 6.921 .001
build and maintain strong ties between 3.403
families, businesses, community
members, and others who seek to
promote the success of all children

Geographic Location
Commitment to hire, supervise, and 7.379 3.870 .021
retain competent personnel who are 1.907
dedicated to promoting the success
of all children

Ability and willingness to reject any 55.441 12.275 .000
arguments of a one-to-one correlation 4.517
between race and culture or race and
intelligence

Race
Ability and willingness to reject any 9. 320 2.030 .049
arguments of a one-to-one correlation 4.591
between race and culture or race and
intelligence

Commitment to hire, supervise, and 4.044 2.125 .039

retain competent personnel who are 1.903

dedicated to promoting the success

of all children

Class
Rejection of ideas that spell personal 13.034 2.843 .023
harm or violation of personal rights 4.584
or civil law

Awareness and willingness to face the 7.836 2.713 .029
tension, conflict and consequences that 2.888