June3] SOCIETYOF BIBLICAL ARCHEOLOGY. [1S90.
at,"di, "to want"(as-di),(shin-di), zin, "bright" (zimbr), zi,
"see," "live," shin, shi, "see," "become," "be," sin, " oright,"
si "bright" (si-lag), shino, "bright," lim, "eye," "see," lam,
"brightness" (me-lam), man, "sun," men, "pure,"mul(=mun),
"toshine," etc., etc. Other membersof both serieswill readily
occur. I conclude with:—
TheIdeogram TjfcJV^y.
Thissign, withthe value gidim, meaningan evil spiritof the
desert,is familiar enoughto readers of Accadian religiousdocuments.
As it has never yet been analysed, its analysis will perhapsbe
admitted to afford some proof of the value of Chinese for the
illustrationof Accadian. It answers to a Chinese groupreadhiai-
chai,or hiai-chi*denoting" a fabulous animal,half-deer,half unicorn,
whichdwellsin the desert, and gores wickedmenwhenit sees them."'
Theoldersoundof the name was kai-dai, or kai-di, as the phonetic
(kiai, kai) of hiai shows; cp. Amoy hai-ti, and Shanghaiye-za.
Nowthe character for hiai is compounded of the signs for dog +
horn+ knife + ox (kin, kak,tar,ngu). Writingthisin Accadian
characters,jy+ ££ + w^c- -+- fc^ (kin+ kak + tar -+- cu), we
see at once thatit is the solution of the above ideogram.
The Shanghaiye-zasuggests Azazelf(Lev.xvi, 8), and points
also to an initial g, as in the Accadian term. For the change
fromg to k, cp. the Accadian gi and Kl, "fire." kin, "dog,''
will be treated of at length in a future paper.* The onlyothermeaningassignedto the character thaior chi is " to dis
criminate";whichagreesperfectlywiththe Accadian DI, "to judge."
t Cp. also the other nameof the Chinese demon,shin-yang," the spirit-goal."Errata.—The Chinese characters, t'ien, p. 404, middle, and
h'iung,p. 411, fifthline,are not correctly given;but both will be
easilyidentified.418