∑ The use of insectgrowth regulators (IGRs). Methoprene is veryeffectiveas
residual insecticide.Alsobiopesticide,suchasBacillus thuringiensisand
baculovirus,maybe used.
∑ Physicalcontrol methods. Theseare environmentally safe measures that
should be usedas a substitute to the toxicchemicalmethodsif possible.
These include heat treatment, cold storage, radio frequency waves,
irradiation. Thevarious control methodsshouldbe tailored to different
commoditiesthat needtreatment.
26.8 Acknowledgement
We liketo thank Ms EstherNgumbi for her greathelp in preparing this
manuscript.
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