126.A 25-year-old man is brought into the trauma resuscitation room after
his motorcycle is struck by another vehicle. EMS reports that the patient was
found 20 ft away from his motorcycle, which was badly damaged. His vital
signs include a BP of 90/60 mm Hg, HR of 115 beats per minute, RR of
22 breaths per minute, and pulse oxygenation of 100% on facemask.
Which of the following is the smallest amount of blood loss that produces a
decrease in the systolic BP in adults?
a. Loss of 5% of blood volume
b. Loss of 10% of blood volume
c. Loss of 15% to 30% of blood volume
d. Loss of 30% to 40% of blood volume
e. Loss of greater than 40% of blood volume
127.You are notified by the EMS dispatcher that there is a multiple-car
collisionon the local highway with many injuries. He states that there are two
people dead at the scene, one person is critically injured and hypotensive, and
three people have significant injuries, but with stable vital signs. Which of the
following is the leading cause of death and disability in trauma victims?
a. Abdominal injury
b. Thoracic injury
c. Back injury
d. Cervical injury
e. Head injury
130 Emergency Medicine