320 Appendix 2
Cube Rectangular solid figure in which all six faces are square.
Cul-de-Sac A curved turnaround with the radius determined by the traffic load, located at the end of
a street.
Curtain WallAn exterior wall that provides no structural support.
Cutting Plane Line A line showing where a theoretical cut has been made to produce a section view.
Cutting plane lines consist of two short dashes alternating with a longer dash.
Cylinder A solid figure with two equal circular bases.
Dado A rectangular groove cut into a board across the grain.
Dangerous or Adverse Conditions These are essentially conditions which may pose a threat or
possible injury to the field observer, and which may require the use of special protective clothing, safety
equipment, access equipment, or any other precautionary measures.
Date of Agreement The date stated in the Agreement. If no date is stated, it could be the date on
which the Agreement is actually signed, if this is recorded, or it may be the date established by the award.
Date of Commencement of the Work The date established in a notice to the contractor to proceed
or, in the absence of such notice, the date of the owner contractor agreement or such other date and may
be established therein.
Date of Substantial Completion The date certified by the architect when the work or a designated
portion thereof is sufficiently complete, in accordance with the contract documents, so the owner can oc-
cupy the work or designated portion thereof for use for which it is intended.
Datum Point Reference point.
Dead Load The weight of a structure and all its fixed components.
Defective Work The work not conforming with the contract requirements.
Deferred Maintenance Physical deficiencies that cannot be remedied with routine maintenance,
normal operating maintenance, etc., excluding de minimis conditions that generally do not present a ma-
terial physical deficiency to the subject property.
Depth The distance from the root of a thread to the crest, measured perpendicularly to the axis.
Design-Build Construction When an owner contract with a prime or main contractor to provide
both design and construction services for the entire construction project. Use of the design-build project
delivery system has grown from 5 percent of U.S. construction in 1985 to 33 percent in 1999, and is pro-
jected to surpass low-bid construction in 2005. If a design-build contract is extended further to include the
selection, procurement, and installation of all furnishings, furniture, and equipment, it is called a “turnkey”
contract.
Details An enlarged drawing to show a structural aspect, an aesthetic consideration, a solution to
an environmental condition, or to express the relationship among materials or building components.
Digital The processing of data by numerical or discrete units.
Dimension LineA thin unbroken line (except in the case of structural drafting) with each end termi-
nating with an arrowhead; used to define the dimensions of an object. Dimensions are placed above the
line, except in structural drawing where the line is broken and the dimension placed in the break.
Dimensions Numerical values used to indicate size and distance.
Direct Costs (Hard Costs) The aggregate costs of all labor, materials, equipment and fixtures nec-
essary for the completion of construction of the Improvements.
Direct Costs Loan; Indirect Costs Loan That portion of the loan amount applicable and equal to
the sum of the loan budget amounts for direct costs and indirect costs, respectively, shown on the bor-
rower’s project cost statement.