photographs in the collection are not part of a sepa-
rate section but exceptional examples of the contem-
porary art scene. They are mostly conceptual works
of outstanding British and international artists.
Photography is exhibited as part of the changing
exhibitions. The Tate also houses extensive photo-
graphic materials in the Tate Archives concerning
mostly British art and artists.
http://www.tate.org.uk
The Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of
Prints, Drawings, Paintings and Photographs,
Photography Collection, London
V&A holds the national collection of the art of
photography, and is one of the largest and most
significant photography collections in the world,
international in scope and ranging from 1839 to the
present. The museum holds approximately 300,000
prints in the primary collection plus thousands of
photographs of works in the various other collec-
tions, known as the Picture Library. The V&A’s
Theatre Museum, and the Indian and South East
Asiandepartmentalsoholdphotographicarchives.
Important twentieth century photographers repre-
sented include Henri Cartier-Bresson, Bill Brandt,
Don McCullin, and many others, with an index
available in the Print Room. Since 1977 the National
Art Library has made substantial acquisitions of
photography publications, including key journals,
monographs, early texts, exhibition catalogues, and
experimental publications. These are supplemented
by ‘Information Files’ on photographers and institu-
tions, containing such materials as press cuttings,
exhibition announcements, and sometimes corre-
spondence. A changing selection of nineteenth and
twentieth century and contemporary photographs,
drawn from the collection, forms special exhibitions
and illustrates a history of photography in the
Canon Photography Gallery. Exhibitions of photo-
graphy are mounted each year, and extensive educa-
tional resources include ‘‘Education Boxes’’ of
photographs in the Print Room that contain selec-
tions of work ordered into three themes: The History
of Photography, Photographic Processes, and Tech-
niques and Contemporary Photography.
http://www.vam.ac.uk
Hungary
Magyar Nemzeti Mu ́zeum (Hungarian National
Museum), To ̈rte ́neti Fe ́nyke ́pta ́r (Historical Photo
Gallery), Budapest
Hungary’s largest photo archive preserves about
one million photographs of which half a million are
individually registered, the remainder arranged by
subject in chronological order. The collection dates
back to 1874 when the first daguerrotype was regis-
teredintheHungarianNationalMuseum.The
archive’s goal is to collect and systematize photo
material covering all aspects of the Hungarian history
and maintain its important collection of the history
and technological history of photography, reflecting
that the two predecessors of the present archive were
the Historical Gallery established within the Hungar-
ian National Museum in 1884 and the Museum for
Contemporary History founded in 1957. Since 1995
the Historical Photoarchive has been an independent
department of the Hungarian National Museum with
five galleries of 1,500 square meters, mounting one
photography exhibition per year.
http://www.origo.hnm.huMagyar Fotogra ́fiai Mu ́zeum (Hungarian Museum
of Photography), Kecskeme ́t
In 1991, in an historic building that was once a
synagogue, the collection of over 75,000 items
amassed by the Association of Hungarian Art
Photographers since 1958 for the purpose of estab-
lishing a museum was finally opened. MFM is the
only museum solely devoted to photography in
Hungary. Now consisting of more than 500,000
photographs and 80,000 negatives from the 1840s
to the present, the collection’s main focus is on
Hungarian photographers including Andre ́ Ker-
te ́sz, Brassaı ̈, Cornell Capa, Robert Capa, La ́szlo
Moholy-Nagy, Gyo ̈rgy Kepes, Paul Alma ́sy,
Rudolf Balogh, Alajos Martsa, Muky and Martin
Munka ́csi, Baron Lorand Eo ̈tvo ̈s, Ka ́roly Divald,
Angelo ́, Olga Ma ́te ́, Bala ́zs Orba ́n, Ferenc Hopp,
Imre Kinszinski, Ka ́roly Escher, Tibor Honti, Jin-
drich Sˇtreit, Stefan Lorant, Gergely Palatin, Ja ́nos
Reisman, Antal Simonyi, Jo ́zsef Pe ́csi, Pa ́l Rosti,
Iva ́n Vydareny, as well as contemporary photogra-
phers Tana ́sFe ́ner, Pe ́ter Korniss, Ga ́bor Kerekes
and almost five hundred additional Hungarian and
foreign photographers. A special collection, Foto-
hungarika, containing Hungarian-related works of
foreign photographers who have worked in Hun-
gary such as Erich Lessing, Mario de Biasi, Ferdi-
nando Scianna, Chim, and Henri Cartier-Bresson is
being developed. Collections also feature cameras,
archival documents, books, booklets, and audio
and video recordings. The museum also features a
conservation laboratory, a database information
center, and extensive online resources. Approxi-
mately eight to ten exhibitions are mounted at the
museum and others are sponsored abroad, sup-
ported by a series of monographs titled ‘‘A magyarMUSEUMS: EUROPE