Medieval Law and the Foundations of the State

dukes of 46, 65, 77–8, 128, 203–4, 207,
277
exchequer of 167
parlement of 289
monasteries of 156
Norsemen:
in England 23, 27
in Francia 41, 44
North Shields 218
Northampton 138
assize of 129–30, 135, 137, 140
parliament at 174
sheriff of 248
statute of 249
Northumbria 28–9
Norway, Haakon, king of 143
Norwich, bishops of 182, 238
noticiae, notification of legal decisions 18,
35, 110–11, 119
notaries 35, 97–9
Nottingham, king meeting with his council
at 267, 269
novel disseisin:
English assize of 98, 130, 132, 140, 152,
187–8, 198, 211
in France 165
Noyon 56
dean and chapter of 63
nuisance, legal action for 134
Nuremberg 102
Reichstag at 100

oath 123, 247, 249, 270
of association 106
communal 57
coronation 144
-helpers 19, 80
of peace 38, 93, 101, 194
purgation 127
of Strasbourg 23
of witnesses 33–4
see also conspiracies; juries
Odo, bishop of Bayeux and earl of Kent
213, 216
office of emperor or king 91, 106, 114,
266
offices given away by Henry III 145
officials:
of bishops 137
of kings, their functions and abuses
17–18, 38, 48, 64, 81, 110, 112,
118–19, 121, 137, 148–9, 153–63,
165, 177–8, 187, 204, 211, 273–7,
242, 246, 286–7, 291
oligarchy (paucorum status) 4, 272
Olim(register of parlement) 165, 170
ordeals, see trial

order:

bad 31, 33

Carolingian 37

just 33

legal 31–8, 124, 188

of the palace 21

‘quiet’ 14–15, 33, 38, 40, 194

royal 32

sense of 5

orders:

of clergy 237

three 222

Orderic Vitalis 203–4

ordinances 95, 41, 104, 114, 151

of 1311 in England 177–8, 228, 256

ordinatio imperii39, 144

ordonnancesv, 149, 151,170, 272, 281,

288–92, 321

Oresme, Nicole de, bishop of Lisieux 271–4

Orléannais 149, 220

courts of 164

Orleans 55

bailliof 164

bishops of 125, 168

prévôtéof 125

Roman law taught at 163

orphans, special protection for 26

Oseney abbey 66

Otto I, emperor 47, 82, 84

Otto II, emperor 82, 89

Otto III, emperor 82, 260

Ottokar, king of Bohemia 100, 101

ownership 201–2, 210

outlawry, outlaws 93, 96–8, 129

Oxford 66, 135, 153

parliament at, and provisions of 158,

160, 172

university of 218

Paderborn 40

bishop of 103

Padua 315

pagus11, 14, 16, 18, 20, 70

break-up of 49–50

palace, Frankish 19–21, 26

Pandulph, papal legate 142

papacy 99, 113, 260

papal:

concern for peace 143, 145

curia 21

decretals 138

legates 142–3

rescripts 138

Paris 20, 115, 125, 127, 149, 167, 206,

208, 227, 229, 271–2, 275, 280, 289,

337

bishop of 163

Index 383