Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine

Table 8

Radiographic Findings (

Continued

)

Pathogen

Chest radiographic findings

Comments and other radiologic findings

Multidrug-resistant

M. tuberculosis

: See tuberculosis in Ref. 46.

SARS virus (SARS-associated

coronavirus)

Unilateral or bilateral infiltrates; multiple patchy opacities

with bilateral distribution. The opacities are usuallyground-glass in appearance, sometimes with air-spaceconsolidation, progressively evolving. The evolution isvery rapid in some cases, resulting in the confluence oflesions and large areas of opacification in a short time.

West Nile virus (a Flaviviridae)

Has caused pneumonia in a transplant patient and

pneumonia has been one of the admitting diagnosis forpatients with West Nile virus infection.

Pandemic and avian influenza (H5N1

influenza)

Interstitial infiltrates, lobar infiltrationConsolidation, pneumothorax (on mechanical ventilation)

Monkeypox virus (

Orthopoxvirus

of

the Poxviridae family)

Unknown. The Brighton strain of cowpox virus causes lethal

bronchopneumonia when delivered as a small-particle(1

mm) aerosol to weanling BALB/c mice.

Genetically engineered biological

weapons

Abbreviations:

BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; SWEB, staphylococcal enterotoxin B; EEE, eastern equine encephalitis; MR, magnetic

resonance; WEE, western equine encephalitis.Source

: From Refs. 33, 43–55.

Bioterrorism Infections in Critical Care 465