Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES


Disease External eye findings Fundoscopic findings


M. tuberculosis (TB) l Chronic conjunctivitis (often unilateral)
l Conjunctival granulomas
l Phlyctenulosis (focal translucent nodules
along the limbus of the eye)
l Ulcerative/interstitial keratitis
l Scleritis
l Orbital tuberculoma


l Tuberculoma of the choroid
(usually unilateral, but diffuse
choroidal graulomas may be
seen in miliary TB)

SL:
l Chronic granulomatous iritis
l Panuveitis
l Interstitial keratitis
l Keratic precipitates

Figure 1 Interstitial keratitis (see color insert).

Disease External eye findings Fundoscopic findings


Adenovirus l Follicular conjunctivitis with watery/mucoid
discharge (often begins with unilateral
involvement and later spreads to
contralateral eye)
l Subepithelial corneal infiltrates
l Eyelid edema
l Subconjunctival hemorrhage
l Ciliary flush
l Corneal haziness
l Pre-auricular lymph node enlargement


l None

Disease External eye findings Fundoscopic findings


Toxic shock
syndrome (TSS)


l Conjunctival suffusion
l Anterior scleritis
l Scleral ectasia
SL:
l Uveitis
l Keratic precipitates
l Vitreous opacities
l Choroiditis

l Retinal detachments
l Cystoid macular edema

Figure 2 Cystoid macular
edema (see color insert).

Ophthalmologic Clues to Infectious Diseases and Their Mimics in Critical Care 67

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