sections. A comma used inside the number, for example 1,326 should be regarded as a
numeric sign since it appears as a part of the number. However, the comma which separate
number, for example, 45, 68, 89 etc, should be treated as punctuation marks. Therefore,
use of dot 6 in the mathematical operation is contextual.
Base Code 5: Dot 3
Ellipsis ( )
In writing a mathematical expression which has not ended, we use ellipsis. For example,
the infinite series 1 + 2 + 3 + ..., has not ended and therefore, the unending part is to be
expressed mathematically. For this, dot 3 is used in successive three cells.
Base Code 6: Dots 1,2,3,4,5 and 6
Cancellation ( )
Over-writing is possible in visual writing, whereas in Braille, over-writing is not
possible and therefore, punching all Braille dots indicates that it is a cancellation sign.
The meaning is that the cell should be simply ignored and the code in the subsequent cell
should be taken into consideration. For example, the expression 2 + 3 4 is written as
Punching of all six dots indicate left and right blunt arrow heads too, which are indicated
by and respectively. However, these codes are not common at the secondary level.
Base code 7: Dot 4 - Mirror image of letter (a)
Script Indicator : ( )
As mentioned at the introduction, there are scripts such as @, $, etc., which are also used
in regular writing and in the mathematics text. Dot 4 indicates the “Script Indicator”.
Please see that it is not a mathematical code by itself, and it gets meaning only when it is
combined with another Braille cell.
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