- Before
The teacher can explain orally so that the child is able to conceptualize the idea of
‘before’.
Students may be asked to form a single file so that one student stands behind the
other. As each student knows who is standing in front of whom (as it is a familiar
group) each student may be asked to name the person who is standing before him/
her, thereby helping him/her to understand the idea better.
Also, a few known objects, say, miniature models of different objects / shapes, etc.,
can be placed one behind the other and each student may be asked to explore and
spell out which object / animal is placed before the other.
Otherwise, if the child is familiar with the number concept, he/she may be asked to
consider a few numbers, say, 2,5,8,3 and be asked whether a particular number, say 5
comes before 3 or 3 comes before 5.
Note : The above procedure can be followed for teaching the concepts of ‘after’ and
‘between’ also.
- Ascending Order
Any arrangement from smallest to biggest is said to form an ascending order. The word
‘ascend’ literally means ‘to go up’, ‘climb’ or ‘rise’.
Students in the class may be asked to stand according to their heights and the child
with visual impairment may be asked to explore the difference in heights tactually, by
touching their heads. The child may proceed from the shortest person to the tallest
person.
The idea may also be taught with the provision of a few circular objects of varying
size. Once the idea is taught orally, the child may be asked to rearrange the objects
