TheEconomistMarch12th 2022 5
The world this week Politics
Vladimir Putin’s forces
bombarded cities in Ukraine,
hitting homes, schools and
clinics. In at least one besieged
city, Russia violated a ceasefire
intended to allow civilians to
escape. Mariupol, a port, suf
fered an indiscriminate bar
rage, including of a maternity
hospital. Ukraine’s vastly
outnumbered forces fiercely
resisted the invasion, killing
thousands of Russian troops.
Unarmed Ukrainian civilians
staged protests in towns occu
pied by Mr Putin’s forces.
Russia moved closer to encir
cling Kyiv, the capital, and also
seized a nuclear power station.
The exodus of Ukrainians
exceeded 2.2m, making it the
fastestgrowing refugee surge
in Europe since the second
world war. More than 1.3m
have entered Poland. Britain
told refugees to apply for visas,
and made it bureaucratically
difficult for them to do so. The
European Union is allowing all
Ukrainians in for a year, no
questions asked.
President Joe Biden banned the
import of Russian oil, gas and
coalto the United States.
Britain said it would phase out
Russian oil imports by the end
of the year. The eu, which is
more dependent on Russian
fuel, moved to reduce Russian
gas imports by twothirds.
Russia warned it may retaliate
by switching off its main gas
pipeline to Europe.
Other countries sent weapons
to help Ukrainedefend itself,
including antiaircraft and
antitank rockets. Poland and
America disagreed publicly
over the supply of fighter jets.
America had suggested that
Poland send some of its old
migs. Poland offered instead to
give them to America so that it
could hand them over to
Ukraine. America said this
would risk dragging natointo
a direct conflict with Russia.
Mr Putin cranked up repres-
sionat home. Anyone in Rus
sia who calls his war a war
risks 15 years in jail. The last
independent tvchannel and
radio station were closed. Even
so, antiwar protests erupted
in several cities. Thousands of
protesters have been arrested;
many were beaten and abused.
Polls suggested that fewer
Russians now believe Mr
Putin’s story that he is protect
ing Ukrainians from a “Nazi”
regime. Support for the war fell
sharply as real news seeped
into Russia via the internet.
The White House’s top adviser
on Latin America met Venezu-
ela’sdictator, Nicolás Maduro.
It was the first highlevel meet
ing between the two govern
ments in years. America im
posed sanctions on Venezue
lan oil in 2019. It now wants to
loosen Venezuela’s alliance
with Russia and explore condi
tions under which it might buy
oil from Venezuela to offset the
boycott of Russian exports.
Venezuela released two
imprisoned Americans.
Britain, France and Germany,
which have been negotiating,
along with America, China and
Russia to revive a deal that
would curb Iran’snuclear
ambitions, urged Russia not to
add conditions that would
make it harder to clinch an
accord, which is said to be
close. Russia wants to include
a clause that would exempt its
trade with Iran from sanctions.
Guatemala’sCongress passed
a law to increase the jail sen
tence for women who have
abortions, unless their lives
are in danger, from three years
to ten. The law also stops
schools from teaching that gay
sex is “normal”. A human
rights ombudsman said it was
unconstitutional.
Turkey’spresident, Recep
Tayyip Erdogan, said that a
visit by hisIsraeli counterpart,
Isaac Herzog, had marked a
turn for the better in relations
between the countries. Turkey,
he said, was ready to cooper
ate with Israel over energy.
Yoon Sukyeol, a conservative
opposition candidate, won
South Korea’s presidential
election, narrowly beating the
ruling party’s Lee Jaemyung.
Results from the count in five
state elections in India
showed that the ruling
Bharatiya Janata Party will
retain control of Uttar Pradesh,
the most populous state. But
the Aam Aadmi Party, which
opposes corruption, won an
upset victory in Punjab.
President Rodrigo Duterte
signed into law a bill raising
the age of consent in the Phil-
ippinesfrom 12, among the
lowest in the world, to 16.
Chinafaced its biggest out
break of covid19 since the
early stages of the pandemic.
Hundreds of new cases were
reported. Most of China’s
provinces have been hit. The
surge is much smaller than
recent outbreaks in other big
countries, but it is testing the
government’s “zero covid”
policy, which relies on mass
testing and lockdowns.
Austriasuspended a law that
would compel all adults to take
a covid19 vaccine. The law had
not yet been enforced. The
government now thinks
compulsory vaccination is a
disproportionate response to
the Omicron variant.
Michelle Bachelet, the un’s
senior humanrights official,
accused Ethiopiaof killing
hundreds of civilians in bomb
ing raids against the northern
regions of Tigray and Afar.
Ethiopia’s blockade of Tigray
has pushed millions of people
to the brink of starvation.
Tanzania’spresident, Samia
Suluhu Hassan, released
Freeman Mbowe, a leading
opposition member, from jail.
This marked a shift away from
the authoritarian style of her
predecessor, John Magufuli.
Weeklyconfirmed cases by area, m
To6amGMTMarch 10th 2022
Estimatedglobalexcess deaths, m
With95%confidenceinterval
Sources:JohnsHopkinsUniversityCSSE;
OurWorldinData;UN;WorldBank;
TheEconomist’s excess-deathsmodel
Vaccinedosesgivenper 100 people
Bycountry-incomegroup
20
108
184
192
Low
Lower-middle
Upper-middle
High
Western Europe
Asia
10
8
6
4
2
0
2020 21 22
UnitedStates
Other
6.0mofficial covid-1 deaths
13.8 1. 23.
→Forourlatest coverage
pleasevisiteconomist.com/
coronavirus
Coronavirus data
An American man who re
ceived the world’s first trans
plant of a heart from a geneti
cally modified pigdied two
months after the operation.
Sadiq Khan, London’smayor,
said he hoped to expand an
ultralow emission zone
across the whole of the city
next year. The £12.50 ($16.50) a
day charge for vehicles that do
not comply with the standard
costs daily drivers over £4,
a year; publictransport
options are less reliable far
ther out from the city centre.
An enduringtale
A scientific expedition
discovered the wreck of the
Endurance, the ship that
carried Ernest Shackleton and
his crew of explorers to the
Antarctic until it became
trapped in sea ice and sank in
1915. The vessel, still remark
ably intact, was found in the
Weddell Sea at a depth of
3,008 metres. It will be desig
nated a monument under the
Antarctic treaty, meaning it
cannot be disturbed.