The History of Mathematics: A Brief Course

592 SUBJECT INDEX

Patna, 24
Paulisha Siddhanta, 24
pedagogical ordering, 8
pedagogy, 31
Pell's equation, 181, 190
Peloponnesian War, 275, 285
pendulum, 474
Pensees, 364
pentagon, 9, 298
pentagonal number, 168
pentakaidecagon, 298
perfect number, 168, 170, 179, 183
perfect set, 547
Perga, 305
Pergamum, 46
Period of Warring States, 27
permutation, 215, 445, 515
permutation group, 459
Persia, 57, 58
perspective, 85, 356, 358
Peshawar, 23, 404
pesu, 134, 138, 235
Petersburg, 188
Petersburg Academy of Sciences, 73
Petersburg paradox, 519
Phenomena, 45, 55, 296
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal So-
ciety, 525
philosophy, 329
Physical Geography, 86
Physics, 283, 290
physikoi, 271
Physique social, 525
ð, 233, 247, 257, 263, 449
"biblical" value, 236
irrationality, 341
legislated value, 236
transcendence, 197, 203
pie chart, 87
pigeons, 13
Piraeus, 288
Pisa, 73
place-value system, 113
planar problem, 280
plane, 271
plane trigonometry, 338
Platonicus, 276
Playfair's axiom, 85
Plimpton 322, 182
Poincare conjecture, 390
point, 284
point coordinates, 370
pointwise continuity, 391
Poisson distribution, 523
polygon
17-sided, 192, 447, 450
circumscribed, 298
inscribed, 298

polyhedron, 271, 388

polynomial

Jones, 71

symmetric, 460

Porisms, 296

Portugal, 33

postulate, 32

pound,114

power series, 474, 486, 489, 503

Practical Geometry, 329

Prague Scientific Society, 446

Prasum, 325

predicate, 294

predicate calculus, 552

premier (unknown), 430

prime, 460

Mersenne, 167

prime decomposition, 180

prime number, 165, 556

prime number theorem, 219

prime numbers, infinitude, 169

Princeton University, 63, 70, 100, 153, 454

Principia, 63, 66, 82, 373, 468, 469, 479

Principia mathematica, 554

Principles of Mathematics, 553

Prior Analytics, 293

prism, hexagonal, 323

probability, 67, 210, 472, 503, 532, 538-540

conditional, 524

of an event, 513

progression

arithmetic, 406

geometric, 406

projection, 62, 385

proof by contradiction, 556

proper class, 556

proportion, 14, 30, 270, 297, 301

Eudoxan theory, 298, 324

proposition, 32

propositional calculus, 537

prosthaphaeresis, 146-147, 158

protomathematics, 3

Prussian Academy of Sciences, 188

Psammites, 120

pseudosphere, 384, 395

Ptolemais, 81

Pulkovo Observatory, 344

Putnam Examination, 107

pyramid, 42, 301, 310

frustum, volume, 248, 263, 264

Pythagorean comma, 18

Pythagorean theorem, 31, 111, 159, 237, 238,

242, 245, 248, 257, 271, 297, 310, 343,

349, 400, 418

generalizations, 298, 322, 334

Pythagorean triples, 175, 177, 312

Pythagoreans, 11, 20, 43, 45, 80, 164, 275,

287, 297, 536