1. MedievWorld1_fm_4pp.qxd

Hohenstaufen dynasty 345

son, HENRY VI (r. 1190–97) to marry CONSTANCE,
through whom the family inherited rights to SICILY.
Another son, Philip of Swabia (r. 1198–1208), was
elected emperor to succeed Henry, but the opposition of
Pope INNOCENTIII caused a civil war in Germany. The
emperor FREDERICKII managed to exercise control over
southern Italy and even in Germany despite the rabid
opposition of several popes. At the death of Frederick,

he was succeeded by his son, Conrad IV (r. 1250–54),

and then his illegitimate son, MANFRED, led the family

until his defeat by CHARLESI OFANJOUin 1266. The

dynasty ended with the execution of Conradin or Con-

rad V (r. 1254–68), Conrad IV’s young son, by Charles I

in 1268.

See alsoGREGORYIX, POPE;GUELFS ANDGHIBELLINES;

INVESTITUTE CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTES.