Chemical Urinalysis by Reagent Strip
Urinalysis and Body
Fluids Review 490
TEST NORMAL PRINCIPLE SIGNIFICANCE COMMENTS
pH
Protein
Glucose
Ketones
Blood
Acid with protein/meat diet; alkaline
with vegetarian diet. pH 9 = im-
properly preserved specimen.
Buffered to pH 3. Most sensitive to
albumin. Orthostatic proteinuria—
benign condition, protein is neg in
1st am specimen, pos after standing.
Specific for glucose. More sensitive &
specific than copper reduction. Normal
renal threshold = 160–180 mg/dL.
Most sensitive to acetoacetic acid.
Less sensitive to acetone. Doesn’t
react with beta-hydroxybutyric acid.
Uniform color = hgb or myoglobin.
Speckled = RBCs.
First am: 5–6
Random: 4.5–8
Neg–trace
Neg
Neg
Neg
Double indicator system
Protein error of indicator
Glucose oxidase/
peroxidase
Sodium nitroprusside rxn
Pseudoperoxidase
activity of hgb
Acid-base balance, man-
agement of urinary tract
infection (UTI)/renal calculi
Possible renal disease
Possible diabetes mellitus
↑fat metabolism
(uncontrolled diabetes
mellitus, vomiting, star-
vation, low carb diet,
strenuous exercise)
Hematuria, hemoglobinuria,
myoglobinuria
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