X-rayA radiologic procedure to evaluate the
structure of dense organs within the body such as
bone. X-ray involves exposure to ionizing radia-
tion. An X-ray machine emits a beam of ionizing
radiation that tissues within the body absorb. The
more dense the tissue, the more radiation it
absorbs. Solid structures such as bone absorb high
amounts of radiation; thus X-ray is particularly
effective for detecting injuries and other abnor-
malities of the bones. X-ray can also detect the
presence of many types of tumors because their
tissues have different density than normal struc-
tures, as well as the presence of abnormal air or
fluid (such as in the lungs or abdomen).
Most X-ray procedures require removing cloth-
ing that could interfere with the X-ray image,
such as items that have buttons and zippers. Some
X-ray procedures, such as BARIUM ENEMA, require
advance preparation and the use of contrast
media. Some X-ray procedures require awkward
positions or holding the breath, which may be
temporarily uncomfortable. Most X-ray proce-
dures are painless, though people may feel pain
from the injuries being evaluated during the pro-
cedure. Infrequent X-rays pose very little risk to
health. People who need frequent X-rays should
discuss the risk of radiation exposure with their
doctors.Diagnostic Imaging Procedures 419