COMMON VASODILATORShydralazine (Apresoline) mecamylamine (Inversine)
minoxidil (Loniten)
Nitrates
isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate)
isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, ISMO, Monoket)
nitroglycerin (Nitro-Dur, Nitrolingual, Nitrostat)
See also ADRENAL GLANDS; ANTIBODY; BACTERIA;
LIVING WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE.
microinfarction Tiny arterial occlusions that
briefly block the flow ofBLOODto theBRAIN, caus-
ing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), or to the
HEART. What microinfarction lacks in initial effect
it makes up through frequency. Microinfarction
may also affect other key organs such as the KID-
NEYS and LIVER. Conditions that can result in
microinfarction include severe ATHEROSCLEROSIS,
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE(PVD), CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE(CAD), INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and DEEP
VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT). Microinfarction also may84 The Cardiovascular System
MEDICATIONS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONSType of Medication Common Products Actions/Effects Cardiovascular Conditions
ACE inhibitor benazepril, captopril, dilate peripheral arteries HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; VALVULAR HEART
enalapril, fosinopril, and arterioles; lower DISEASE; used afterHEART ATTACKto prevent
lisinopril, moexipril, BLOOD PRESSURE subsequent heart attack
perindopril, quinapril,
ramipril, trandolapril
adenosine (intravenous adenosine slow theHEART RATE PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA(PAT);
hospital administration WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME
only)
alpha blocker clonidine, doxazosin, block the actions of hypertension
guanabenz, guanfacine, EPINEPHRINEand
labetalol, mecamylamine, NOREPINEPHRINEon the
methyldopa, HEARTand arteries; dilate
phenoxybenzamine, peripheral blood vessels;
prazosin, terazosin lower blood pressure
angiotensin II candesartan, eprosartan, dilate peripheral arteries heart failure; hypertension
receptor blocker irbesartan, losartan, and arterioles; lower
telmisartan, valsartan blood pressure
anticoagulant dalteparin, enoxaparin, inhibit activation of ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; heart
heparin, tinzaparin, CLOTTING FACTORS; reduce attack prophylaxis;INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION;
warfarin blood’s ability to clot STROKEprophylaxis; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR
DISEASE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM
antiplatelet aspirin, cilostazol, inhibit PLATELET ANGINA PECTORIS; deep vein thrombosis; heart
clopidogrel, dipyridamole, AGGREGATION; reduce attack prophylaxis; intermittent claudication;
fondaparinux, ginkgo blood’s ability to clot stroke prophylaxis;STENTplacement
biloba, sulfinpyrazone,
ticlopidine