Descends deep to investing fascia
Posterior to sternocleidomastoid (SCM), drains to EJV or subclavian vein
Commonly unites with anterior jugular on opposite side via a jugular venous arch
Deep veins
Internal jugular vein (IJV)
Most veins in anterior neck are tributaries of IJV
Drains blood from brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of neck
Begins as dilation of superior bulb just below jugular foramen
Runs inferiorly in carotid sheath
Inferior end deep to gap between two heads of SCM muscle
Joins subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein
Subclavian vein
Major vein draining upper limb
Passes anterior to anterior scalene muscle
Unites at medial border of muscle with IJV to form brachiocephalic vein
Tributaries of subclavian and IJV travel with arteries of same nameLymphatic Drainage
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Drainage of face and head
Superficial lymphatic vessels accompany veins
Deep lymphatic vessels accompany arteries
Lymphatic drainage of face
Drainage from lateral face to parotid nodes
Drainage from upper lip and lateral lower lateral lip to submandibular nodes
Drainage from chin and central lower lip to submental nodes
All drain to parotid, mastoid, or superficial cervical nodes
These drain to deep cervical nodes
Drainage of the neck
Superficial drainage to superficial cervical nodes
Located along course of EJV
Also receive drainage from nodes of face and head
Superficial cervical nodes drain to deep cervical nodes
Deep cervical nodes
Lie along course of IJV, transverse cervical artery, and accessory nerve
Include
Prelaryngeal nodes
Pretracheal nodes
Paratracheal nodes
Retropharyngeal nodes
Drain to jugular lymphatic trunk
Jugular lymphatic trunks
On left
Joins thoracic duct on left
Thoracic duct enters junction of IJV and subclavian vein
On right
Empties directly into IJV or brachiocephalic vein
Or forms short right lymphatic duct which enters either of these vessels