Internal Medicine

0521779407-19 CUNY1086/Karliner 0 521 77940 7 June 4, 2007 21:21

1316 Rubella Salmonella Infections Other Than Gastroenteritis

management

■if pregnant woman exposed – need to check for immune status of

rubella immediately and appropriate counseling offered

■Children with postnatal rubella should be excluded from school/

DCC for 7 days after onset of rash.

■In hospital settings, patients should be managed under contact iso-

lation precautions.

■Note: infants with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) shed virus for

prolonged period.

■Children are now routinely immunized at 15 months, 4–6 years.

■Presence of rubella virus antibody implies protection against subse-

quent infection.

■Reportable disease

specific therapy

■Supportive

follow-up

n/a

complications and prognosis

Complications

■Neurologic: encephalitis: 1/5000 cases

■SSPE – similar to measles, occurs years after primary infection

■Myocarditis/pericarditis

■Thrombocytopenia

■Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occurs in up to 90% infants born

to women who are infected 1st trimester, risks fall 2nd/3rd trimesters

■CRS abnormalities include cataracts, neurosensory deafness, con-

genital heart disease, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, encephalitis

SALMONELLA INFECTIONS OTHER THAN

GASTROENTERITIS

RICHARD A. JACOBS, MD, PhD

history & physical

History

■Salmonellae are a complex group of facultatively anaerobic Gram-

negative bacilli that consist of over 2000 serotypes.