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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank the participants of this study and are grateful to
D. MacArthur and C. Goodnow, who provided feedback about
this work.Funding:This research was supported by a National
Health and Medical Research Council Research Fellowship (S.Y.),
Practitioner Fellowship (A.W.H.), Career Development Fellowship
(J.E.P., 1107599), and Investigator Fellowship (J.E.P., 1175781).
K.A.F. is supported by the Alex Gadomski Fellowship, funded by
Maddie Riewoldt’s Vision. Additional grant support was provided by
the National Health and Medical Research Council (1150144 and
1143163), the Australian Research Council (180101405), and
the Royal Hobart Hospital Research Foundation.Author
contributions:Conceptualization: J.E.P., A.W.H.; Methodology:
S.Y., J.A.-H., K.W., A.S., S.A., K.A.F., A.W.H., J.E.P.; Resources: K.W.,
M.G.G., Q.L., A.R., T.R.P.T., L.C., K.M., C.C., A.L.C., C.J.Y.,
K.A.F., A.W.H., J.E.P.; Data analysis: S.Y., J.A.-H., K.W., A.S.,
M.G.G., K.A.F., A.W.H., J.E.P.; Writing–original draft: S.Y., J.A.-H.,
K.W., K.A.F., A.W.H., J.E.P.; Writing–review and editing: All other
authors; Supervision and project administration: A.W.H., J.E.P.;
Funding acquisition: C.J.Y., A.W.H., J.E.P.Competing interests:
The authors declare no competing interests.Data and materials
availability:OneK1K single-cell gene expression and genotype
data are available via Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE196830).
The cell by gene data are available at Human Cell Atlas (HCA)
(https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/collections/dde06e0f-ab3b-
46be-96a2-a8082383c4a1). GWAS summary statistics for MS are
available from the Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (https://
imsgc.net/). 1000 Genome Phase 3 (02.05.2013 release) data are
available from (http://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/1000g/ftp/). Summary statistics
for IBD, CD, RA, AS, and T1DM GWASs are available for public
access in the following repositories: (i) for IBD and CD from the
IBD Genetics Consortium website (www.ibdgenetics.org), (ii) for RA
from the Japanese Encyclopedia of Genetic associations by RIKEN
(http://jenger.riken.jp/en/result), and (iii) for AS and T1DM from
Pan-UK Biobank (https://pan.ukbb.broadinstitute.org/). The SLE
GWAS summary statistics data can be downloaded from the following
link:http://urr.cat/data/GWAS_SLE_summaryStats.zip. There are no
known limitations or data transfer agreements regarding access to
the summary data described above. Data used to replicate the single-
cell eQTLs are available via Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE174188),
and genotype data are available via dbGap (46198). Cell by gene
data are available at HCA (https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/
collections/436154da-bcf1-4130-9c8b-120ff9a888f2). Analysis code is
available on Zenodo ( 84 ).SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abf3041
Materials and Methods
Figs. S1 to S23
Tables S1 to S19
References ( 85 Ð 108 )
MDAR Reproducibility Checklist16 October 2020; accepted 22 February 2022
10.1126/science.abf3041Yazaret al.,Science 376 , eabf3041 (2022) 8 April 2022 14 of 14
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