Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

352 DISEASES/DISORDERS

SIGNALMENT/HISTORY

Cat

 No breed predilection.

 Eosinophilic plaque: 2–6 years of age.

 Genetic/idiopathic eosinophilic granuloma: less than 1 year of age.

 Allergic disorder: greater than 1 year of age.

 Indolent ulcer: no age predisposition.

 Predilection for females reported.

 Lesions of all four syndromes may develop spontaneously and acutely; lesions of more

than one syndrome may occur simultaneously.

 Development of eosinophilic plaques may be preceded by periods of lethargy.

 Waxing and waning of clinical signs is common.

 Seasonal incidence in some geographic locations may indicate insect or environmen-

tal allergen exposure.

 Distinguishing among the syndromes depends on both clinical signs and dermato-

histopathologic findings.

Dog

 CEG: Siberian husky (76% of cases), cavalier King Charles spaniel; also reported in

German shepherd dogs, boxers, labradors, and Irish setters.

 Usually less than 3 years of age; also reported in older dogs (>10 years).

 Males may be predisposed: 72% of cases.

CLINICAL FEATURES

Cat

 Eosinophilic plaque: alopecic, erythematous, erosive patches or well-demarcated,

steep-walled plaques; usually occur in the inguinal, perineal, lateral thigh, ven-

tral abdomen, and axillary regions; frequently moist or glistening; regional lym-

phadenopathy common; secondary infection common (Figures 23.1–23.3).

 Eosinophilic granuloma: five, occasionally overlapping, presentations:
Distinctly linear orientation (linear granuloma) along the caudal thigh (Fig-

ure 23.4)

Individual or coalescing plaques located anywhere on the body; ulcerated with a

“cobblestone” or coarse pattern; white or yellow, possibly representing collagen

degeneration (Figures 23.5–23.8).

Lip margin and chin swelling (“pouting”) (Figure 23.9).

Footpad swelling, pain, and lameness (most common in cats under 2 years of

age) (Figure 23.10).

Oral cavity ulcerations (especially on the tongue, palate, and palatine arches);

cats with oral lesions may be dysphagic, have halitosis, and drool (Figure 23.11).