Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

(Tina Sui) #1

472 DISEASES/DISORDERS


administered with niacinamide 250 mg PO for dogs<10 kg and 500 mg PO for dogs
>10 kg.

 Topical corticosteroids – betamethasone diproprionate 0.05% or fluocinolone 0.1%:


apply sparingly q24h for 14 days; then EOD or twice weekly; if in remission, switch
to less potent product (e.g., 0.5% or 2.5% hydrocortisone).

 Topical tacrolimus 0.1%: apply sparingly q24h for 14 days; then EOD or twice weekly.


 Prednisolone: 1–2 mg/kg PO BID initially tapered to EOD or twice weekly either solely


or in combination with cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs.


 Azathioprine: 2 mg/kg or 50 mg/m^2 PO daily until remission; then EOD or twice


weekly; not for use in cats.


 Chlorambucil: 0.1–0.2 mg/kg q24h until remission; then EOD or twice weekly.


 Cyclosporine, microemulsion: 5–10 mg/kg q24h until remission; then EOD or twice


weekly.


 Leflunomide: 2–4 mg/kg q24h or divided BID.


 Mycophenolate mofetil: 10 mg/kg PO BID.


 Vitamin E: 10–20 IU/kg PO ql2h; may help reduce inflammation.


COMMENTS


 CBC and biochemistry: day 7; every 2–4 weeks until remission; then every 3–6


months when on oral medications.


 Avoid using affected animals for breeding.


 May be disfiguring; often scarring.


 Tissue loss of the nasal planum may create a source of trauma-induced bleeding.


 Avoid sunlight/apply sunblock.


 Monitor for development of secondary bacterial folliculitis.


Expected Course and Prognosis


 DLE is progressive but not usually life-threatening.


 DLE/GDLE/MCLE/VCLE: fair to good prognosis with treatment.


 ECLE: guarded to poor prognosis.


 SLE: guarded to poor prognosis especially with development of hemolytic anemia,


glomerulonephritis or secondary bacterial infection.

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