Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY 765

Dantrolene sodium(Dantrium)

Muscle relaxant. Inhibitscalcium leakage fromsarcoplasmic reticulum. Inaddition to musclerelaxation, it has beenused for malignanthyperthermia. Also hasbeen used to relaxurethral muscle in cats.

Muscle relaxants cancause weakness in someanimals.

Doses have been primarilyextrapolated fromexperimental studies orextrapolation of humanstudies. No clinical trialsavailable in veterinarymedicine. Studies in whichdantrolene relaxed urethrain cats used 1 mg/kg IV.

100 mg capsule and0.33 mg/mLinjection.

For prevention ofmalignant hyperthermia:2–3 mg/kg IV for musclerelaxation: dog:1–5 mg/kg q8h po; cat:0.5–2 mg/kg q12h po.

Dapsone (generic)

Antimicrobial drug usedprimarily for treatment ofMycobacterium

.Mayhave

some immunosuppressiveproperties or inhibitfunction of inflammatorycells. Used primarily fordermatologic diseases indogs and cats.

Hepatitis and blooddyscrasias may occur.Toxic dermatologicreactions have been seenin people.

Drug

interactions:

Do not

administer withtrimethoprim (mayincrease bloodconcentrations). Do notadminister to cats.

Doses are derived fromextrapolation of humandoses or empiricism. Nowell-controlled clinicalstudies have beenperformed in veterinarymedicine.

25 and 100 mgtablets.

Dog: 1.1 mg/kg q8–12hpo.Cat: do not use.

Deprenyl (L-deprenyl)

See Selegiline.

Deracoxib (Deramaxx)

NSAID of the coxib class;high COX-1: COX-2

in

vitro

inhibitory ratio.

Indicated for the controlof postoperative pain andinflammation associatedwith orthopedic surgeryand pain andinflammation associatedwith osteoarthritis.

Most common adverseeffect from clinical trialshas been GI (vomiting anddiarrhea). In safety studiesat doses above 25 kg/mg,reduced body weight,melena, and vomitingoccurred.

Recommended doses arefor dogsweighing

>

1.8kg(4lb).

Safety has not beenestablished for dogsunder 4 months of age,dogs used for breeding,pregnant or lactatingdogs, or for cats.

25, 100 mg tablets;chewable tablets.

Dog (postoperative pain):3.0–4.0 mg/kg q24h po asneeded for 7 days.Dog (osteoarthritis):1–2 mg/kg po q24h forlong-term treatment over7days.Cat: safe dose notestablished.

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