782 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY
Drug name (trade orother names)
Pharmacology andindications
Adverse effects andprecautions
Dosing information andcomments
Formulations
Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)
Ivermectin (Heartgard,Ivomec, Eqvalan liquid)
Antiparasitic drug.Neurotoxic to parasites bypotentiating effects ofinhibitoryneurotransmitter GABA.
Toxicity may occur at highdoses and in breeds inwhich ivermectin crossesblood–brain barrier.Sensitive breeds includecollies, Australianshepherd, sheltie, and oldEnglish sheepdog. Toxicityis neurotoxic, and signsinclude depression, ataxia,difficulty with vision,coma, and death.Ivermectin appears to besafe for pregnant animals.Do not administer toanimals under 6 weeks ofage. Animals with highmicrofilaremia may showadverse reactions to highdoses.
Doses vary, depending onuse. Heartwormprevention is lowest dose,other parasites requirehigher doses. Heartgard isonly form approved forsmall animals; for otherindications, large animalinjectable products areoften administered po,IM, or SC to smallanimals. For demodectictherapy, it is advised tostart with 100
μ
g/kg/day
and increase dose by 100
μg/kg/day to
600
μg/kg/day.
1% (10 mg/mL)injectable solution;10 mg/mL oralsolution;18.7 mg/mL oralpaste; 68, 136, and 272
μgtablets.
Heartworm preventative: 6
μg/kg every 30 days po
in dogs and 24
μg/kg
every 30 days po in cat.Microfilaricide: 50
μg/kg
po 2 wk after adulticidetherapy.Ectoparasite therapy (dogand cat): 200–300
μg/kg
IM, SC, po.Endoparasites (dog andcat): 200–400
μg/kg
weekly SC, po.Demodex
therapy: start
with 100
μg/kg/day and
increase dose by 100
μ
g/kg/day to
600
μ
g/kg/day for 60–120
days po.
Kanamycin (Kantrim)
Aminoglycoside antibioticwith broad-spectrumactivity.
Shares same propertieswith otheraminoglycosides (seeAmikacin, Gentamicin).
See Gentamicin.
200, 500
μgmg/mL
injection.
10
μg/kg q12h or
20
μg/kg q24h IV IM, SC.
