Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

784 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY

Drug name (tradeor other names)

Pharmacology andindications

Adverse effects andprecautions

Dosing information andcomments

Formulations

Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)

Ketoprofen (OrudisKT [human OTCtablet]; Ketofen[veterinary injection])

NSAID. Antiinflammatoryagent. Used to treatarthritis and otherinflammatory disorders.

All NSAIDs share similaradverse effect of GItoxicity. Ketoprofen hasbeen administered for 5consecutive days in dogswithout serious adverseeffects. Most commonside effect is vomiting. GIulceration is possible insome animals.

Although not approved inthe US, ketoprofen isapproved for smallanimals in other countries.Doses listed are based onapproved use in thosecountries. It is available asOTC drug for humans inthe US.

12.5 mg tablet(OTC); 25, 50,75 mg Rx humanform; 100 mg/mLinjection for horses.

1 mg/kg q24h po for upto 5 days. Initial dose canbe given via injection atup to 2 mg/kg SC, IM, IV.

Ketorolactromethamine(Toradol)

NSAID. Used for short-termrelief of pain andinflammation. Acts byinhibiting cyclooxygenaseenzyme (COX). Use ofketorolac has beenevaluated clinically in dogsbut not cats.

NSAIDs may cause GIulceration. Ketorolac maycause GI lesions ifadministered morefrequently than q8h. Donot administer more than2 doses.

Available as 10 mg tabletand injection for IV or IMuse. Clinical studies indogs have shown safetyand efficacy. Dosing q12his recommended to avoidGI problems.

10 mg tablets; 15and 30 mg/mLinjection, in 10%alcohol.

Dog: 0.5 mg/kg q8–12hpo, IM, IV.Cat: safe dose notestablished.

Levamisolehydrochloride(Levasole, Tramisol,Ergamisol)

Antiparasitic drug of theimidazothiazole class.Mechanism of action dueto neuromuscular toxicityto parasites. Levamisole hasbeen used forendoparasites in dogs andas microfilaricide.Levamisole has also beenused as animmunostimulant;however, clinical reports ofits efficacy are not available.

May produce cholinergictoxicity. May causevomiting in some dogs.

In heartworm-positivedogs, it may sterilizefemale adult heartworms.

0.184 g bolus;11.7 g per 13 gpacket; 50 mg tablet(Ergamisol).

Dog: hookworms,5–8 mg/kg once po (up to10 mg/kg po for 2 days);microfilaricide, 10 mg/kgq24h po for 6–10 days;immunostimulant,0.5–2 mg/kg 3 times/weekpo.Cat: endoparasites,4.4 mg/kg once po;lungworms, 20–40 mg/kgq48h for 5 treatments po.