818 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY
Drug name (trade orother names)
Pharmacology andindications
Adverse effects andprecautions
Dosing information andcomments
Formulations
Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)
Vitamin A (retinoids)(Aquasol A)
Vitamin A supplement.See also Isotretinoin foranalogues used for otherconditions.
Excessive doses can causebone or joint pain,dermatitis.
Dosing of vitamin isexpressed as U or retinolequivalents (RE), or
μgof
retinol. 1 RE
=
1
μgof
retinol. 1 RE of vitaminA
=
3.33 U of retinol.
Oral solution:5000 U (1500RE)/0.1 mL; 10 000,25 000 and50 000 U tablets.
625–800 U/kg q24h po(see dosing informationsection).
Vitamin D
See Ergocalciferol.
Vitamin E (
α
-
tocopherol) (Aquasol Eand generic)
Vitamin considered asantioxidant. Used assupplement and astreatment of someimmune-mediateddermatoses.
Side effects have not beenreported.
Vitamin E has beenproposed as treatment fora wide range of humanillnesses, but evidence forefficacy in animals islacking.
Wide variety ofcapsules, tablets,oral solutionavailable (e.g.,1000 U/capsule).
100–400 U q12h po (or400–600 U q12h po forimmune-mediated skindisease).
Xylaxine hydrochloride(Rompun, and generic)
α^2
-Adrenergic agonist.
Used primarily forshort-term anesthesia andanalgesia.
Produces sedation andataxia. Cardiacdepression, heart block,and hypotension arepossible with high doses.Produces emesis after IVinjection, especially incats.
Often used incombination with otherdrugs, e.g., ketamine.
20 and 100 mg/mLinjection.
Dog: 1.1 mg/kg IV;2.2 mg/kg IM.Cat: 1.1 mg/kg IM (emetic[cat only] dose is0.4–0.5 mg/kg IV).
