passage Based Questions28.(A) Complete the given passage with appropriate words or
phrases.
Birds are (i) animals. Their (ii) are modified into
wings. No (iii) is present in birds except uropygial
glands at the base of (iv). The upper and lower jaws
in birds are modified into (v). Their alimentary canal
has additional chambers; (vi) for storing and softening
food and (vii) for crushing food. Additional (viii) are
connected to lungs to supplement respiration and heart
is (ix) chambered.
(B) Read the given passage and correct the errors wherever
present.
Amphibians are warm blooded animals. Their skull is
monocondylic. The heart in amphibians is two chambered.
Kidneys are metanephric. Their larval forms are ureotelic
whereas adults are ammonotelic. Fertilisation is internal
and twelve pairs of cranial nerves are present in them.
Assertion & reason
In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion
(A) is given and a corresponding statement of Reason (R)
is given just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct
answer as :
(a) if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of
A
(b) if both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
of A
(c) if A is true but R is false
(d) if both A and R are false.
- Assertion : True metamerism is present in annelids.
Reason : The body of annelids is divided both externally
as well as internally into a number of segments and
external divisions correspond to internal division.
- Assertion : Direct development is present in Hydra.
Reason : In direct development, the young ones do not
resemble the adults.
- Assertion : Schizocoelom is found in echinoderms.
Reason : The mesoderm arises from wall of embryonic
gut as hollow outgrowths which form schizocolem.
- Assertion : The inhalent pores in sponges are called
ostia.
Reason : Sponges have cellular level of organisation.
- Assertion : Aschelminthes are called as pseudo-
coelomates.
Reason : In Aschelminthes, mesoderm is present
as scattered pouches in between ectoderm and
endoderm.
- Assertion : Cnidoblasts or stinging cells are present
in coelenterates.
Reason : Cnidoblasts are reserve totipotent cells which
can be converted into any type of cell.
- Assertion : In ctenophores locomotion takes place
through comb plates.
Reason : Comb plates are comb like ciliary plates
present on the body of ctenophores.- Assertion : Adhesive organs, like suckers are present
in flukes and hooks and suckers are present in
tapeworms.
Reason : Flukes and tapeworms are parasites and
adhesive organs give them a firm grip on or in the
host’s body. - Assertion : Amphids and phasmids are sense organs
found in Phylum Aschelminthes.
Reason : Amphids are glandulosensory in nature and
phasmids are chemoreceptors. - Assertion : Blood vascular system in arthropods is of
open type.
Reason : In arthropods, blood does not flow in
definite vessels but is present in irregular spaces called
lacunae.
Figure Based Questions - Refer the given figure and answer the following
questions.
(a) Identify the structures A, B, C and D.
(b) Describe structure B.
(c) In which subphylum, structure B is present throughout
the life and extends from the anterior end to the
posterior end of the body? Give one example of
organism belonging to this group.
(d) In which subphylum structure B is present only in the
tail of larva and disappears in adult whereas structure
A is replaced by dorsal ganglion in adult? Give one
example of the organism belonging to this group.- Refer the given figure and answer the following
questions.
(a) Identify the generic names of organisms A, B, C and D.
(b) What is the mode of nutrition in organism A? Which
structures supplement its mode of nutrition?
(c) Describe various cells found in the epidermal layer of
body wall of organism B.
(d) To which Phylum organism C belongs? How does it
defend itself from its enemies.
(e) Describe the body cavity coelom and musculature
found in organism D?