• Sexual reproduction is the formation of new individuals through the gamete
formation and their subsequent fusion during fertilisation. Sexual reproduction is
also called amphimixis.
• Life cycle in angiosperms is diplontic, in which the diploid sporophyte with well
developed root, stem, leaves and flowers makes the dominant phase while haploid
gametophytes are microscopic, short lived and are dependent on sporophytes
physically as well as physiologically. In their life cycle, sexually reproducing angiosperms
exhibit most advanced, highly complex and longest sporophytic generation in the
plant kingdom.
• In angiosperms, the main sporophytic plant body (2n) bears flowers during
reproductive phase. Flower is the most important part, which is concerned with
sexual reproduction.
• Flower is considered to be a modified shoot (shoot of determinate growth) with
highly condensed internodes and leaves specialised variously to act as different floral
parts or organs (like sepals, petals, stamens and carpels).
• A complete flower consists of four whorls of floral appendages attached on the
receptacle - calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium.
• The outermost whorl of floral parts is composed of sepals, collectively called the
calyx. Petals, together called the corolla, form the next inner whorl. Sepals and
petals constitute the non-essential parts of a flower.
• The essential parts of a flower are the androecium (male reproductive organ), which
arises just inside the corolla and the pistil or gynoecium (female reproductive
organ), which lies in the centre of the flower.Sexual Reproduction in
Flowering Plants-I
FACTS
HGH
YIELD
Class XII
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