Cell - 8 September 2016

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

WineSpirits

4-VG-

4-VG+

Beer Saké

Bioethanol

Wild Bread

Laboratory

Bel/Ger

US

Britain Beer 2MixedWineAsiaMosaic

0%

25%

50%

75%

100% 4-VG-

4-VG+

x

x

x

x

Mating type a Mating type α

(1)

(2)

(3)

BE027

SA005

Hybrid 1

Hybrid 2

Hybrid 3

Hybrid 4

BE027-a SA005-α

BE027-α

BE027-α

SA005-α^0

20

40

60

80

100

120

BE027SA005 BE027-aBE027-αSA005-aSA005-αHybrid 1Hybrid 2Hybrid 3Hybrid 4

Parental

Haploid

Hybrid

4-VG production (au)

B

C

D

SA005-a

BE027-a

SA005-a

A

WI015

BE055

WL007

BE040

SA006

BE057

WL005

BE076

BE066

WI007

WI012

BE069

BE026

WI016

BE004

SA003

BE009

BE020

BE005

WI019

BE042

BE098

WI005

BE041

SP008

BE064

BE084

BE097

SA004

BE073

WI009

BE095

BE028

BE046

BE077

BE031

BE015

BE089

BE051

BE094

WL002

BE085

BE050

BE078

BR001

SA002WI006

BE062

BE012

BE054

SP002

BE086

BI005

BE010

BI004

BE032

spar

WI008

BE088

WI018

BE027

BE048

BE070

BE060

BE007

BE021

BE014

SA007

BI001

BE049

BE058

BE053

BE018

WI010

BE080

BE067

BR002

BE093

BE038

BE044

BE030

BE091

BE013

BE101

BE019

BE043

WI013

WI002

BE017

BE068

BE083

WL006

BE003

BE039

BE079

SP004

BE008

BE035

BE099

BE025

BE087

BE002

BE034

BE022

BE029

BI002

SP007

SA005

BE052

BR003

WI003

BE074

BE023

SP005

BI003

BE065

WL003

BE081

SA001

BE045

BE075

BE072

BE024

BE071

BE033

BE037

BE090

BE036

BE047

WI001

WI004

SP001

BE001

SP011

WI017

BE082

WL004

BE011

WL001

WI014

LA001

BE059

SP009

BE092

BE096

BE006

BE102

BE061

BE056

WI011

BE016

SP006

SP010

SP003

BE100

BR004

BE063

LA002

Q86*Y98*W102*K54*Q154*c.495_496insAc.864delAR309*W497*

PAD1 FDC1

BE069

BE098

SA007

BE082

BE039

WL007

WI013

SP010

SP007

BE089

BE061

WL002

BE009

BE032

BI004

BE023

BE055

BE037

BE099

BE010

BE040WI011

BE015BE041

BR003

WL004

BE029

WI008

BE011

BE026

BE100

BE046

SA006

BE093

BE020

WI005

BE058

BE097

SP009

WI006

SP002

BE087

BE101

BE064

SP004

BE074

BE004

BE052

SP001

BE005

BE014

BI001

WI009WI007

SP003

SP011

WI016

BE030

BE053

BE067

SP008

BE042BE102

BE092

BE084

BE088

SA005

SP006

EB 970

BE072

BE083

BE025

SA004

BE003

BE090

BE049

BE065

BE071

BE050

BE057

BE047

BE060

BE031

BE070

BE027

BE028

WI018

BE077

WL005

WI004

BE033

WI003

WI015

BE080

BR004

BE095

BR002

BE017

BE016BE038

BE036

BE043

(^670) E
B
BE044
LA001
BE002
BE085
BE094
BE051
BE078
BE018
BE035
WL003
BE091
BE063
BE019BE012
BE013
BE066
SP005
BE008
WI014
WL006
BE001
WI002
BE006
BE073
BR001
BE021
BE024
SA003
BI002
BE056
WL001
BE096
BE062
WI001
BE081
BE045
SA002
SA001
WI019 BE068WI012
BE022
WI010
BE086
BE007
BE054
WI017
BI003
BE034
BE075
BE059
LA002
spar
BE048
WI014
BE034
BE011
BE081
BI002
BE069
BE09 4
BE003
BE006
BE061
SA007
BE077
BE080
SP011
BE030WI008
SP010
WL001
WI016
BR004
BE020
SP004
SP008
BE088
BE078
WI007
BR002
BE050
SP006
BE009
BE032
WI001
BE023
BE057
BE022
BE045
BE070
WI012
BR003
BE033
BE048BE053
BE019
BE013
spar
BE014
BE055
WI019
SA003
BE044BE095
BE062
WL002
WI017
(^400) IW
BE005 BE098
SA004
WL006
BI004
BE041
BI005 BE086BE038
BE046
BE092
BE068
BE027
BE084
BE015
BE025
BE087
BE102
BE052
WI009
BE004
LA001
BE064
110 IW
BE075 BE059
BE039
WI003
BE056
WI006
BE043
SP007
BE090
SA001
BI001
BE066
BE067
BE040
BE021
WI010
BE091
BE072
24 0EB
LA002
BE001
WI013
BE101
BE083
BE016
SP002
BE060
WI002
BE047
SA002
BE063
SP001
BE026
BE100
BE054
SP005
BR001
BE024
WL004BE018WI005
BE076
BE035
BE058
BE049
BI003
WL005
BE03 6
BE074
BE031 SA006
BE079
SP003
SA005
BE073BE012
BE017
BE037
WL007
WI015
BE085 BE065
SP009
BE029 BE010
BE099
(^700) EB BE096
BE093
BE051
BE028
BE002 WL003
BE089
BE008
BE071 BE082BE097
WI018
6.0E-4 5.0E-4
PAD1 FDC1
(1)
Figure 5. Production of 4-Vinyl Guaiacol by IndustrialS. cerevisiaeStrains
(A) Distribution of loss-of-function SNPs and frame-shift mutations inFDC1andPAD1of industrialS. cerevisiaestrains. Gray boxes indicate the presence of the
loss-of-function mutation, diagonal bars indicate heterozygosity at this site. Strains are clustered according to the strain phylogeny and strain names are colored
according to their origin. Basal splits of the five industrial lineages are indicated with colored dots (seeFigure 1A).
(legend continued on next page)
1406 Cell 166 , 1397–1410, September 8, 2016