I-12 Index
Ciliary muscle, 276, 276t, 277, 277f, 280
Cilium (cilia)
cytoskeleton and, 53, 53f
in epithelium, 68
in oviduct, 309
in respiratory system, 53, 53f,
178–179, 179f
role of, 53, 53f, 160
tobacco and air pollution, impact of,
188–189
Cingulate gyrus, 255f
n Circulatory shock, 129
Circulatory system. See also
Cardiovascular system
aging and, 349
and cancer, 426t, 427, 427f
development of, 338, 338f–339f
n diabetes and, 299, 299t
of fetus, 343
and homeostasis, 130, 131
maternal and embryonic/fetal,
340–341, 341f
regulation of, 296
urinary system interaction, 225, 225f
Circumduction, 97f
n Cirrhosis, 322
alcoholic, 41, 208, 208f
cis fatty acids, 30
n CK (conductive keratoplasty), 281
Class (classification), 450t
Clavicle (collarbone), 91f, 94, 94f
Cleavage (of cell), 330, 330f, 331f,
332, 332f
Cleavage furrow, 332f, 360, 360f
n Climate change, 4, 448, 452, 459, 467,
470, 478–479, 478f, 479f, 482,
483, 487f, 488
n Climax community, 460, 461f
Clitoris, 306, 306f, 307f
n Clomiphene, 318
Clonal expansion, 162
Clone (of lymphocyte), 162
n Cloning, 330
of animals, 421, 421f, 424f
of DNA, 414–415
reproductive, 421
therapeutic, 421
Clostridium botulinum bacteria, 111, 115
Clostridium difficile, 173, 173f
Clostridium tetani bacteria, 115, 115f
n Cluster headaches, 259
n CML (chronic myelogenous
leukemia), 152, 152f, 401t
Coagulation, of blood, 150, 154
n Coal, as energy source, 25f, 484, 484f
Cocaine, 135, 136, 234, 260, 264,
264f, 345
Coccygeal nerves, 249f
Coccyx, 93, 93f, 447f
Cochlea, 272–273, 272f–273f
Cochlear duct, 272, 272f–273f
Codominance, 379, 379f
Codons, 410, 410f, 411, 411f, 412, 412f
Coelom, 334, 334f
Coenzyme(s), 36, 59, 60–61, 61f. See
also Enzymes
functional groups in, 26f
Coenzyme A, 60
Cofactors, functional groups in, 26f
Cohesion, as property of water, 22, 22f
Coitus, 314. See also Sexual intercourse
Colchicine, 387, 387f
n Cold sores, 79, 280
n Cold stress, 82f, 83, 83t
Collagen
aging and, 348–349
in blood vessels, 130
in bone, 88, 188f
in connective tissue, 70–71,
70f–71f, 70t
disorders of, 99, 171
in heart, 124
as protein, 34
in skin, 78, 84
in tendons, 90
n Collapsed lung, 183
Collarbone. See Clavicle
Colon, 206, 206f
n disorders of, 208–209, 208f
n polyps in, 209, 209f
n referred pain from, 269f
spastic, 208–209
n Colonoscopy, 209, 209f
Color
of eyes, 380, 380f
of hair, 380, 441
of skin, 79, 79f, 373, 380, 380f, 383
n Color blindness, 280, 282, 282f,
395, 401t
n Colorectal cancer, 209, 209f, 428,
428f, 429f, 431f, 432t
Color vision, 278, 278t, 451
Colostrum, 343
Columnar epithelium, 68f, 69, 69t
n Coma
blood pH and, 25
in hypothermia, 83
Communication. See also Hormones
between cardiac muscle cells,
128, 128f
cell junctions role in, 74, 74f
in cell migration, 335
chemical signals, 286, 286t
nerve pathways and, 246–247,
246f, 247f
nervous tissue role in, 73
neuron role in, 240–245,
240f–244f, 245t
n Communities (ecological), 4, 4–5f, 460
Compact bone tissue, 88, 88f, 90f
Comparative anatomy, 440
Comparative genetics, 448, 448f
n Comparative morphology, 446–447,
446f, 447fComplement coat, 160
Complement system, 160–161, 161f,
164, 165, 165t, 171
n Complete blood count (CBC), 145,
149, 149t
n Complete fracture, 99, 99f
Complex carbohydrates, 29, 29f,
205t, 212
n Composting, 219
Compound(s)
intermediate, 59
molecules as, 19, 19f
organic, 26, 26f
n Compound fracture, 99, 99f
n Compound light microscope, 45, 45f
n Computational biology, 384
n Computerized tomography (CT)
scan, 432, 435
Concentration gradients, 54–55, 54f,
55f, 240–241, 241f, 242–243,
242f–243f. See also Gradients;
Pressure
Conclusions, scientific, 6–7, 7f
n Concussion, 258
Condensation reaction (dehydration
synthesis), 27, 27f, 27t, 28, 28f,
29, 33
n Condoms, 316–317, 316t, 317f, 323
Conducting zone, of neuron, 240, 241f
n Conductive keratoplasty (CK), 281
Cone cells, 278–279, 278f, 278t,
279f, 280
n Conjoined twins, 333, 333f
Conjunctiva, 280
n Conjunctivitis, 280, 281f
Connective tissue, 70–71
adipose tissue as, 70f–71f, 70t, 71
aging and, 348
blood as, 70t, 71, 71f, 85t
in blood vessels, 130, 130f
bone as, 70f–71f, 70t, 71, 88, 88f
n cancer of, 430t, 431
cartilage as, 70f–71f, 70t, 71, 85t
dense, 70–71, 70f–71f, 70t, 85t
n disorders of, 115
elastic, 70t, 71, 85t
fibrous, 70–71, 70f–71f, 70t, 85t
in heart, 124
in joints, 70f–71f, 71, 75, 75f, 90,
96, 96f
ligaments as, 70f–71f, 70t, 71
loose, 70, 70f–71f, 70t, 85t
in muscle, 72, 106, 106f
in skeletal system, 70f–71f, 70t, 71,
88, 88f, 90
special, 70f–71f, 70t, 71
structure and function of, 70–71,
70f–71f, 70t, 76, 76f, 85t
tendons as, 70–71, 70f–71f, 90
types of, 70–71, 70f–71f, 70t
wrapping axons, 246, 246f
Consciousness, 254, 256, 256fCopyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).