192
9.4.2 Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells
Further, pluripotent cells exhibiting similar functionality to ES cells can be directly
generated from adult cells. The reprogrammed cells, called induced pluripotent
stem (iPS) cells , were fi rst established in 2006 by Takahashi and Yamanaka; they
Fig. 9.6 Somatic cell
nuclear transfer used to
generate a line of ES cells
that can potentially
differentiate in vitro into
any type of cell for
therapeutic purposes
D.M. Kalaskar and S.M. Shahid