84
Loss of native forbs and the pollinato r community associated with them is an
important but understudied impact of Bromus , considering that loss of pollinator
services (e.g., from bees) could greatly impact efforts to restore native plants.
Population stability of Lepidium papilliferum L.F. Hend. A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr.
(Idaho pepperweed) was related to diversity and pollination activity of insect polli-
nators , in a region of southwest Idaho that is heavily impacted by Bromus (Robertson
and Klemash 2003 ).
A number of studies demonstrate negative relationships in overall abundance and
species richness and diversity of small mammals with Bromus invasion (e.g., Great
Basin studies: Larrison and Johnson 1973 ; Gano and Rickard 1982 ; Ostoja and
Schupp 2009 ; Hall 2012 ; see Fig. 3.8 from Freeman et al. 2014 ). Omnivorous spe-
cies that can tolerate a wide range of physical conditions and are generalists, such
as Peromyscus ma niculatus Wagner ( deer mice ), tend to dominate the animal
communities of B. tectorum -invaded landscapes (it was one of the few species in
Bromus-dominated plots in Fig. 3.8 ).
0246Richnes (# of species)
Bromus cover (% of ground area)0102030# of occurrences0 20406080100Fig. 3.8 Relationship of Bromus tectorum percentage cover to total abundance and species rich-
ness of all small mammals detected in 10,437 trap nights on 70 sites throughout NE Utah over
2 years. Animal communities included the following (in decreasing abundance): Peromyscus man-
iculatus (deer mouse), Dipodomys ordii (Ord’s kangaroo rat), Dipodomys microps (chisel-toothed
kangaroo rat), Ammospermophilus leucurus (white-tailed antelope squirrel), Chaetodipus formo-
sus (long-tailed pocket mouse), Perognathus parvus (Great Basin pocket mouse), Onychomys leu-
cogaster (northern grasshopper mouse), Neotoma lepida (desert wood rat), Perognathus
longimembris (little pocket mouse), Microtus montanus (montane vole), Tamias minimus (least
chipmunk), and Microdipodops megacephalus (dark kangaroo mouse). From data in Freeman
et al. ( 2014 )
M.J. Germino et al.