Systematics and Evolution, Part A The Mycota

to several hundred spores.Pirellaspp. (Benny
and Schipper 1992 ) produce sporangiola
[Fig.8.4(32)] that can be the same size as the
sporangia.

The columella [Fig.8.4(32)] of multispored

sporangiola can be large and nearly fill the spor-

angiolum, as inPirella circinansBain. (Benny

and Schipper 1992 ). The columella in other taxa

Fig. 8.4Representatives of two orders of Mucoromy-
cotina. 28 , 29. Endogonales.Endogone pisiformis. 28.
Two sporocarps. 29. Young zygospore with two sus-
pensors (s).30–41. Mucorales. 30. Sporangium ofPir-
ella naumovii. 31. Sporangium with subsporangial
sporophore vesicle ofFennellomyces linderi. 32. Spor-
angiolum ofPirella circinansshowing columella (c).
33–36.Gilbertella persicaria. 33. Sporangium in wet
mount showing persistent sporangial wall (p), dark
spore mass, and subtending sporophore. 34. Two dry
sporangia showing dark wall split open revealing ligh-
ter spore mass. 35. Typical zygospore showing dark
zygosporangium and two suspensors. 36. Two dark
zygosporangia with one broken open to reveal zygo-

spore containing a single eccentric globule. 37 , 38.

Phascolomyces articulosus. 37. Fertile head showing

unispored sporangiola borne on long, straight pedicels.

38. A typical chlamydospore. 39. Irregular hypha and

globose yeast cells produced in nutrient-rich agar cul-

ture media byMycotypha africana. 40. Fertile head of

Syncephalastrum racemosumcovered with multispored

merosporangia and some dehisced (d). 41. Colony of

immature sporophores and sporangia ofPhycomyces

blakesleeanusgrowing from cake of pressed birdseed.

28 .Bar¼5 mm. 29 .Bar 25 mm. 30 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 39 .Bar

100 mm. 31 , 32 , 35 , 37 , 40 .Bar 50 mm. 41 .Bar20 mm

Zygomycetous Fungi: Phylum Entomophthoromycota and Subphyla Kickxellomycotina,... 227