440
Williamson A, Lehmann R (1996) Germ cell development in Drosophila. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol
12:365–391. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.12.1.365
Witschi E (1948) Migration of the germ cells of human embryos from the yolk sac to the primitive
goanadal fold. Contrib Embryol 32:67–80
Wolf XA, Serup P, Hyttel P (2011) Three-dimensional localisation of NANOG, OCT4, and
E-CADHERIN in porcine pre- and peri-implantation embryos. Dev Dyn 240(1):204–210.
doi:10.1002/dvdy.22491
Wolke U, Weidinger G, Koprunner M, Raz E (2002) Multiple levels of posttranscriptional control
lead to germ line-specific gene expression in the zebrafish. Curr Biol 12(4):289–294
Wylie CC, Holwill S, O’Driscoll M, Snape A, Heasman J (1985) Germ plasm and germ cell deter-
mination in Xenopus laevis as studied by cell transplantation analysis. Cold Spring Harb Symp
Quant Biol 50:37–43
Xiong F, Wei ZQ, Zhu ZY, Sun YH (2013) Targeted expression in zebrafish primordial germ cells
by Cre/loxP and Gal4/UAS systems. Marine Biotechnol 15(5):526–539. doi:10.1007/
s10126-013-9505-4
Yamaguchi S, Hong K, Liu R, Inoue A, Shen L, Zhang K, Zhang Y (2013) Dynamics of
5- methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine during germ cell reprogramming. Cell Res
23(3):329–339. doi:10.1038/cr.2013.22
Yamaji M, Seki Y, Kurimoto K, Yabuta Y, Yuasa M, Shigeta M, Yamanaka K, Ohinata Y, Saitou M
(2008) Critical function of Prdm14 for the establishment of the germ cell lineage in mice. Nat
Genet 40(8):1016–1022. doi:10.1038/ng.186
Yamakita S, Mishima Y, Ikenishi K (2004) A novel gene, the protein product of which is mainly
expressed in germline cells and in the dorsal structures of Xenopus. Dev Genes Evol 214(2):89–
- doi:10.1007/s00427-004-0382-8
Ying Y, Liu XM, Marble A, Lawson KA, Zhao GQ (2000) Requirement of Bmp8b for the genera-
tion of primordial germ cells in the mouse. Mol Endocrinol 14(7):1053–1063. doi:10.1210/
mend.14.7.0479
Ying Y, Zhao GQ (2001) Cooperation of endoderm-derived BMP2 and extraembryonic ectoderm-
derived BMP4 in primordial germ cell generation in the mouse. Dev Biol 232(2):484–492.
doi:10.1006/dbio.2001.0173S0012-1606(01)90173-3
Yoon C, Kawakami K, Hopkins N (1997) Zebrafish vasa homologue RNA is localized to the cleav-
age planes of 2- and 4-cell-stage embryos and is expressed in the primordial germ cells.
Development 124(16):3157–3165
Yoshigai E, Kawamura S, Kuhara S, Tashiro K (2009) Trim36/Haprin plays a critical role in the
arrangement of somites during Xenopus embryogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
378(3):428–432. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.069
Zhang C, Basta T, Fawcett SR, Klymkowsky MW (2005) SOX7 is an immediate-early target of
VegT and regulates Nodal-related gene expression in Xenopus. Dev Biol 278(2):526–541.
doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.11.008
Zhang C, Klymkowsky MW (2007) The Sox axis, Nodal signaling, and germ layer specification.
Differentiation 75(6):536–545. doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2007.00190.x
Zhou Y, King ML (1996) Localization of Xcat-2 RNA, a putative germ plasm component, to the
mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus stage I oocytes. Development 122(9):2947–2953
T. Aguero et al.