FACTS
HGH
YIELD
Class XI
Analysis of various PMTs from 2013-20132014201520162017AIPMT/NEET4414AIIMS12322AMU11Kerala54K-CET22J & K2PLANT KINGDOM
Plant kingdom comprises of multicellular photosynthetic organisms constituting the predominant
producers of the biosphere. They may be aquatic, terrestrial or may even occupy other habitats. They
comprise of hundreds of thousands of different species. Owing to this vast diversity and number
of species, various classification systems have been formulated from time to time. For example,
Linnaeus (1754) divided plant kingdom into 25 classes on basis of number of stamens and carpels,
their union and their presence or absence in a flower, etc. Linnaeus’ system was wholly artificial,
based on sexual characters of plants. Later, natural systems of classification were also proposed
based upon knowledge and interpretation of structure and development of various plant groups.
Plant kingdom is classified based on phylogeny and inter-relationships into Cryptogamae and
Phanerogamae.
Kingdom Plantae- Plants called cryptogams do not bear seeds i.e., they are seedless plants.
- Plant body does not bear flowers and fruits.
CryptogamaeThallophyta- Plant body is undifferentiated and is
known as thallus. - It may range from microscopic unicellular
to macroscopic multicellular forms. - The plants are non-vascular and chloro-
phyllous. - It includes only algae.
Bryophyta- Represent group of
plants growing in
amphibious habitat. - They are simpler
and smaller
embryophytes.
Pteridophyta- Referred as to
first land to
plants or vascular
cryptogams as they
possess xylem and
phloem. - Phanerogams are seed bearing plants.
- The plant body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
- They bear conspicuous reproductive structures like cones or flowers.
- These are vascular plants.
PhanerogamaeGymnospermae- Naked seed bearing
plants.
Angiospermae- Plants bear seeds enclosed within fruits.
- Most evolved group of plant kingdom.