The Linnaean Era j 375375 375
and by Mayr (1982), Tournefort was the first to consistently and clearly distinguish between
terms for genus, species, and varieties, although genus was given the most taxonomic weight.- Green, E. L. (1983), Landmarks of Botanical History, Part II, F. N. Egerton, ed. Stanford
University Press, p. 941. - Bernasconi, P., and L. Taiz (2006), Claude- Joseph Geoffroy’s 1711 lecture on the structure
and uses of flowers. Huntia 13:5– 86. - Bernasconi, P., and L. Taiz (2002), Sebastian Vaillant’s 1717 lecture on the structure and
function of flowers. Huntia 11:97– 128. - Schiebinger, L. (1993), Nature’s Body: Gender in the Making of Modern Science. Beacon
Press; Williams, R. L. (2001), Botanophilia in Eighteenth- Century France: The Spirit of the
Enlightenment. Kluwer Academic Publishers. - Williams, Botanophilia in Eighteenth- Century France; Stafleu, F. A., and R. S. Cowan
(1986), Taxonomic Literature. A Selective Guide to Botanical Publications and Collections with
Dates, Commentaries and Types. Scheltema and Holkema. - Williams, Botanophilia in Eighteenth- Century France.
- Rousseau, J. (1970), Sébastien Vaillant: An outstanding 18th- century botanist, in P. Smit
and R. J. Ch. V. ter Laage, eds., Essays in Biohistory. International Association for Plant
Taxonomy, pp. 195– 228. (Regnum Veg. 71.) - All translations of Vaillant’s lecture are from Bernasconi and Taiz (2002).
- It is sometimes stated that Linnaeus conceived the nuptial bed metaphor as a nod to his
conservative Lutheran upbringing, yet it is clear he only borrowed the phrase from Sébastien
Vaillant, a worldly French Catholic, and that Vaillant, had lifted the conceit from the lyrical
poem contained in Camerarius’s 1694 Epistola. - Parietaria belongs to the Urticaceae family, which also includes Elatostema and Urtica.
Urticaceous floral buds contain four stamens bent inward under tension. During drying, the
filaments spring out explosively, scattering their pollen like tiny puffs of smoke. At the appropri-
ate time, the explosive action can be triggered by touch. Parietaria may be monoecious or dioe-
cious, and the pollen- scattering mechanism represents an ancient adaption to wind pollination
(anemophily). The species described by Vaillant was monoecious. - Considered the most favorable time for love.
- Morland, S. (1703), Some new observations upon the parts and use of the flower in plants.
Philosophical Transactions 23:1474– 1479. - Bernasconi and Taiz, Claude- Joseph Geoffroy’s 1711 lecture; Prevost, A. - M. (1965),
Rapprochement entre l’Epistola de sexu plantarum de R. J. Camerarius (1694) et les Observations
sur la structure et l’usage des principals parties des fleurs de Geoffroy le Jeune. Comptes rendus
hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 261:2045– 2048. - Bernasconi and Taiz, Claude- Joseph Geoffroy’s 1711 lecture.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid. - Referring to Apollo, the sun- god of the Greeks and Romans, the patron of music and
poetry. Perhaps a more apt adjective would have been “Dionysian.” - Merton, R. K. (1965), On The Shoulders Of Giants: A Shandean Postscript. Free Press.
- Mallon, T. (1989), Stolen Words: Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism.
Ticknor & Fields. - Zirkle, C. (1935), The Beginnings of Plant Hybridization. University of Pennsylvania Press.