Bioassay of Rongbao (Active Ingredients of Calcium Cyanamide) Against Housefly Maggots 109
tions of root tip cells suggested HC disturbance
in cell division. The process changes were reduc-
tion of mitotic cells, inhibition of proliferation of
meristematic cell and cell cycle, and modifica-
tion of cytoskeleton arrangement. The phytotoxic
effect of HC was manifested by modifications
in expansion of gene expression, especially in
expansions responsible for cell wall remodel-
ing after the cytokinesis ( LeEXPA9, LeEXPA18)
(Soltys et al. 2011 ).
Recently, the mode of action of CC on plants
has been demonstrated. However, little informa-
tion is available on the mode of action of CC or
its break-down products HC on filth fly maggots.
CC initiated hypoxia round the body of maggots
because of compaction in larval rearing medi-
um, when it was reacted with water from larval
rearing medium and in maggots’ skin. Hypoxia
developed oxidative stress, perturbed mitochon-
drial activity and then disturbed respiration. The
hypothesis of mechanism of action on maggots
should be conducted through series of physi-
ological and cytological experiments for con-
firmation. Other possible mode of action of CC
on maggots and its related genes and enzymes
should be further explored.
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