BIOLOGY TIMES — January 2018

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Fig: Multienzyme system


Applications of Enzymes



  • Enzymes are central to every
    biochemical process. Acting in
    organised sequences, they catalyse the
    hundreds of step-wise reactions that
    degrade nutrient molecules, conserve
    and transform chemical energy, and
    make biological macromolecules
    from simple precursors.

  • The study of enzymes has immense
    practical importance. In some
    diseases, especially inheritable genetic
    disorders, there may be a deficiency
    or even a total absence of one or more
    enzymes. Other disease conditions
    may be caused by excessive activity
    of an enzyme.

  • Measurements of the activities
    of enzymes in blood plasma,
    erythrocytes, or tissue samples are
    important in diagnosing certain
    illnesses. Many drugs act through
    interactions with enzymes. Enzymes
    are also important practical tools
    in chemical engineering, food
    technology, and agriculture. Certain
    enzymes are useful as therapeutic
    agents, analytical reagents, in genetic
    manipulations and for industrial
    applications (Table)

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